The lesion nematodePratylenchus goodeyian important pest ofEnsetein Ethiopia

Peregrine, W. T. H.; Bridge, J.

doi:10.1080/09670879209371719

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Sher & Allen, 1953 Pathogenic to banana and forms disease complex with bacterial wilt pathogens (Peregrine & Bridge, 1992;Pattison et al, 2002;Talwana et al, 2003). Associated with grapevine, strawberry and other crops (Castillo & Vovlas, 2007).…”

Section: Pratylenchus Goodeyimentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant‐parasitic nematodes of potential phytosanitary importance, their main hosts and reported yield losses

2013

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The potential phytosanitary importance of all named plant‐parasitic nematode species was determined by evaluating available information on species characteristics, association with economically‐important crop hosts, and ability to act as vectors of viruses or form disease complexes with other pathogens. Most named species of plant‐parasitic nematodes (PPN) are poorly known, recorded from a single location only, not associated with economically‐important crops, and not known to be associated with other plant disease organisms. However, 250 species from 43 genera fulfilled one or more of the criteria to be considered to present a phytosanitary risk. The genera and number of species (in parentheses) considered as posing phytosanitary risk included: Achlysiella (1), Anguina (8), Aphasmatylenchus (1), Aphelenchoides (12), Aphelenchus (1), Belonolaimus (2), Bitylenchus (3), Bursaphelenchus (4), Cactodera (3), Ditylenchus (8), Dolichodorus (1), Globodera (3), Helicotylenchus (7), Hemicriconemoides (3), Hemicycliophora (3), Heterodera (25), Hirschmanniella (5), Hoplolaimus (5), Ibipora (3), Longidorus (10), Macroposthonia (2), Meloidogyne (38), Merlinius (3), Nacobbus (1), Neodolichodorus (2), Paralongidorus (2), Paratrichodorus (11), Paratylenchus (3), Pratylenchus (24), Punctodera (3), Quinisulcius (3), Radopholus (5), Rotylenchulus (3), Rotylenchus (1), Scutellonema (5), Sphaeronema (1), Subanguina (3), Trichodorus (5), Tylenchorhynchus (8), Tylenchulus (2), Vittatidera (1), Xiphinema (15) and Zygotylenchus (1). For each of the 250 species main hosts and yield loss estimates are provided with an extensive bibliography. Of the 250 species, only 126 species from 33 genera are currently listed as regulated pests in one or more countries worldwide. Almost all of these 250 species were also associated with economically important crops and some also acted as vectors for viruses.

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Section: Pratylenchus Goodeyimentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant‐parasitic nematodes of potential phytosanitary importance, their main hosts and reported yield losses

2013

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“…Wondimagegne (1981) reported that among the commonly observed insects in enset fields, the leafhopper (Poecilocarda nigrinervis Stal) seems to be a potential vector due to its active flying ability. The leaf streak nematode and the root lesion nematode have also been postulated to be associated with bacterial wilt (Pergrine and Bridge, 1992;Swart et al, 2000). Since cultivated enset is harvested before flowering, transmission of the disease via inflorescences, as is the case in banana, doesn't occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garden Tool Transmission of Xanthomonas Campestris Pv. Musacearum on Banana (Musa Spp.) and Enset in Ethiopia

Addis¹,

Turyagyenda²,

Alemu³

et al. 2010

Acta Hortic.

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Xanthomonas wilt caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum has been an important constraint to enset (Ensete ventricosum) and banana (Musa spp.) in Ethiopia. It was postulated that Xanthomonas wilt has a similar epidemiology as other banana bacterial wilts, which are known to be transmitted by insect vectors and garden tools. A study to determine the role of garden tools in the transmission of Xanthomonas wilt was carried out on enset in a greenhouse at the Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Awassa, Ethiopia and on 'Pisang Awak' (AABB genome) in the field at Amaro, Southern Ethiopia. A contaminated knife was used to infect plants. The treatments in the greenhouse trials comprised of cutting: green leaves; broken green leaves; dry leaves; the pseudostem; and roots. Similar treatments were carried out on the field-grown 'Pisang Awak' plants with two additional treatments: desuckering and debudding. Debudding was done by cutting off the male bud with a contaminated machete, while a forked stick was used for control samples. In addition, bacterial ooze was smeared on fresh and dry flower and bract scars at the male part of inflorescences. All plants treated with a contaminated machete: enset and banana when cut in the pseudostem; and all banana plants when debudded got infected. Similarly, cutting green leaves and cutting broken green leaves resulted in a high disease transmission of respectively 67 and 62% in banana and 58 and 54% in enset. Similar high transmission rates (90%) were obtained for desuckering on banana. On the other hand, cutting roots with a contaminated machete resulted in low transmission levels, with 20% in bananas and 25% in enset suggesting that tool infections mainly occur above ground. This calls for rigorous tool disinfection, while desuckering and deleafing in highly infected fields should be avoided. Debudding should be carried out with a forked stick.

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“…However, this production is threatened by among other factors Xanthomonas wilt (XW) caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. musacearum (Yirgou and Bradbury, 1968;Ashagari, 1985;Peregrine and Bridge, 1992;Tessera and Quimio, 1994). XW has been endemic to Ethiopia infecting enset and banana for over 50 years and was first reported and described in late 1960's (Yirgou and Bradbury, 1968;1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banana Xanthomonas wilt in Ethiopia: Occurrence and insect vector transmission

Ahimelash¹,

Alemu²,

Addis³

et al. 2010

African Crop Science Journal

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Bacterial wilt caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. musacearum (Xvm) is an important disease of enset and banana in south and south-western Ethiopia where, the diversity of the insect fauna on banana inflorescences was unknown and the role of insects as vectors of the disease had not been studied. The objectives of this study were to assess the occurrence of bacterial wilt and male bud infection, the diversity of insect families in banana plantations and the presence of the bacteria on insects collected from diseased inflorescences in south and southwestern Ethiopia. Surveys were carried out and insects were collected from three different zones in 2005. The diversity and richness of the insect families was assessed across sites and genotypes and comparisons were made using the Shannon Diversity Index and the Jack knife estimator, respectively. Correlations were made between the abundance and incidence of insects with the incidence of male bud infection on 'Pisang Awak' plants. A wide range of insect families were recorded and they varied according to banana genotype and altitude. The Drosophilidae and Apinae families were most frequently recorded across sites and genotypes. The 'Wendo' variety (AAA Cavendish group) had the highest diversity and richness of insect families within and across sites. In contrast to the Kembata Tembaro and Bench Maji zones, severe and widespread male bud infection of banana was found in Kaffa, where there was a high diversity of insects on the 'Pisang Awak' and 'Abesha muz' plants. The incidence of male bud infection on 'Pisang Awak' plants was highly correlated with the incidence of insects (R 2 = 0.964). The incidence of male bud infection however depends on the floral morphology and altitude. Artificial inoculation with Xvm ooze on fresh male bract and flower scars resulted in infections on 'Pisang Awak' and 'Abesha muz' plants, but the 'Dwarf Cavendish' plants with persistent bracts and flowers remained healthy. Few male bud infections were observed at altitudes above 1,700 masl. Xvm was isolated from Apinae, Lonchaeidae, Muscidae, Tephritidae and Vespidae insect families. Lonchaeidae (Silba spp.) were frequently observed on banana bract and flower scars and could thus be an important insect vector of Xvm in Ethiopia.

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The lesion nematodePratylenchus goodeyian important pest ofEnsetein Ethiopia

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Plant‐parasitic nematodes of potential phytosanitary importance, their main hosts and reported yield losses

Plant‐parasitic nematodes of potential phytosanitary importance, their main hosts and reported yield losses

Garden Tool Transmission of Xanthomonas Campestris Pv. Musacearum on Banana (Musa Spp.) and Enset in Ethiopia

Banana <i> Xanthomonas</i> wilt in Ethiopia: Occurrence and insect vector transmission

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