The Leu72Met Polymorphism of the Prepro-ghrelin Gene is Associated With Alcohol Consumption and Subjective Responses to Alcohol: Preliminary Findings

Suchankova, Petra; Yan, Jia; Schwandt, Melanie L.; Stangl, B; Jerlhag, Elisabet; Engel, Jörgen A.; Hodgkinson, Colin A.; Ramchandani, Vijay A.; Leggio, Lorenzo

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agx021

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The literature associating intravenous alcohol self‐administration paradigms with behavioral and clinical phenotypes is emerging. Intravenous alcohol self‐administration has been associated with family history of alcoholism (Zimmermann et al, 2009), drinking history (Bujarski et al, 2018; Stangl et al, 2017), including binge drinking (Sloan et al, 2019), AUD risk (Gowin et al, 2017), craving (Green et al, 2019; Wardell et al, 2015), personality traits (Stangl et al, 2017; VanderVeen et al, 2016), sex differences (Cyders et al, 2016; Plawecki et al, 2018b), pharmacologic targets or interventions (Suchankova et al, 2017), and risk genotypes (Hendershot et al, 2016, 2017; Plawecki et al, 2013; Sloan et al, 2018; Suchankova et al, 2017).…”

Section: Issues To Consider In Choosing Route Of Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Infuse or Ingest in Human Laboratory Alcohol Research

Cyders

Plawecki

Corbin

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Human alcohol laboratory studies use two routes of alcohol administration: ingestion and infusion. The goal of this paper was to compare and contrast these alcohol administration methods. The work summarized in this report was the basis of a 2019 Research Society on Alcoholism Roundtable, "To Ingest or Infuse: A Comparison of Oral and Intravenous Alcohol Administration Methods for Human Alcohol Laboratory Designs." We review the methodological approaches of each and highlight strengths and weaknesses pertaining to different research questions. We summarize methodological considerations to aid researchers in choosing the most appropriate method for their inquiry, considering exposure variability, alcohol expectancy effects, safety, bandwidth, technical skills, documentation of alcohol exposure, experimental variety, ecological validity, and cost. Ingestion of alcohol remains a common and often a preferable, methodological practice in alcohol research. Nonetheless, the main problem with ingestion is that even the most careful calculation of dose and control of dosing procedures yields substantial and uncontrollable variability in the participants' brain exposures to alcohol. Infusion methodologies provide precise exposure control but are technically complex and may be limited in ecological validity. We suggest that alcohol ingestion research may not be the same thing as alcohol exposure research; investigators should be aware of the advantages and disadvantages that the choice between ingestion and infusion of alcohol invokes.

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Section: Issues To Consider In Choosing Route Of Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

To Infuse or Ingest in Human Laboratory Alcohol Research

Cyders

Plawecki

Corbin

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…The GHS-R1a is a G-protein coupled receptor that is located on chromosome locus 3q26.31 (Howard et al, 1996). Genetic variations in the GHS-R have been posited to influence growth, stature, obesity and AUD (Suchankova et al, 2017, Baessler et al, 2005, Hai-Jun Wang, 2004). In the hypothalamus, the GHS-R1a is particularly expressed in neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti gene related protein (AGRP) neurons, whose activation is thought to be the initial neural basis for the orexigenic effects of ghrelin (Hewson and Dickson, 2000, Cummings et al, 2001) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Physiology Of Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress, Motivation, and the Gut–Brain Axis: A Focus on the Ghrelin System and Alcohol Use Disorder

Morris

Voon

Leggio

2018

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Since its discovery, the gut hormone, ghrelin, has been implicated in diverse functional roles in the central nervous system. Central and peripheral interactions between ghrelin and other hormones, including the stress-response hormone cortisol, govern complex behavioral responses to external cues and internal states. By acting at ventral tegmental area dopaminergic projections and other areas involved in reward processing, ghrelin can induce both general and directed motivation for rewards, including craving for alcohol and other alcohol-seeking behaviors. Stress-induced increases in cortisol seem to increase ghrelin in the periphery, suggesting a pathway by which ghrelin influences how stressful life events trigger motivation for rewards. However, in some states, ghrelin may be protective against the anxiogenic effects of stressors. This critical review brings together a dynamic and growing literature, that is, at times inconsistent, on the relationships between ghrelin, central reward-motivation pathways, and central and peripheral stress responses, with a special focus on its emerging role in the context of alcohol use disorder.

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“…Additional gene variants of proteins (phosphatases, phospholipases, kinases, receptors, DNA-repair enzymes) are statistically associated with developing different types of cancer in the context of alcohol drinking [178,210,[226][227][228].…”

Section: Gene Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Mechanisms Associating Alcohol Use Disorders with Cancers.

Rodríguez

Coveñas

2021

Preprint

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The World Health Organization identifies alcohol as a cause in several neoplasias of the oro-pharynx cavity, esophagus, gastrointestinal tract, larynx, liver, or female breast. This study re-views ethanol's nonoxidative and oxidative metabolism and one-carbon metabolism that en-compasses both redox and transfer reactions that influence crucial cell proliferation machinery. Ethanol favors the uncontrolled production and action of free radicals that interfere with the maintenance of essential cellular functions. We focus on the generation of protein, DNA, and lipid adducts that interfere with the cellular processes related to growth and differentiation. Ethanol's effects on stem cells responsible for building and repairing tissues are reviewed. Cancer stem cells suffer disturbances related to the expression of cell surface markers, enzymes, and transcription factors after ethanol exposure with consequent dysregulation of mechanisms related to cancer metastasis or resistance to treatments. Our analysis aims to underlie and discuss potential targets that show more sensitivity to ethanol's action and identify specific metabolic routes and metabolic realms that may be corrected to recover metabolic homeostasis after pharmacological interven-tion. Specifically, research should pay attention to reestablish metabolic fluxes by fine-tuning the functioning of specific pathways related to one-carbon metabolism and antioxidant processes.

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The Leu72Met Polymorphism of the Prepro-ghrelin Gene is Associated With Alcohol Consumption and Subjective Responses to Alcohol: Preliminary Findings

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

To Infuse or Ingest in Human Laboratory Alcohol Research

To Infuse or Ingest in Human Laboratory Alcohol Research

Stress, Motivation, and the Gut–Brain Axis: A Focus on the Ghrelin System and Alcohol Use Disorder

Biochemical Mechanisms Associating Alcohol Use Disorders with Cancers.

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