The level and distribution of methyl-esters influence the impact of pectin on intestinal T cells, microbiota, and Ahr activation

Beukema, Martin; Jermendi, Éva; Oerlemans, Marjolein M. P.; Logtenberg, Madelon J; Akkerman, Renate; An, R.; Berg, M. A.; Zoetendal, Erwin G.; Koster, T. David; Kong, Chunli; Faas, Marijke M.; Schols, Henk A.; Vos, Paul de

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119280

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…DM50 pectins with low DB values (DB33) and those with high DM values (DM≈80) did not inhibit TLR2-1 ( 16 , 17 ). Moreover, DM20 pectins with high DB values (DB94), as well as DM50 pectins, showed a capacity to regulate T cell-based immunity, whereas DM20 pectins with low DB values (DB86) did not ( 18 ). Therefore, HG pectins with various DM and DB values may well possess diverse functions, something that needs to be further explored in the future.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously described, DB and DB abs were calculated as the number of unesterified GalA residues in oligogalacturonides relative to the total unesterified GalA and all the GalA residues in the polymer. These parameters were used to characterize the random or blocked patterns of methyl-esterification in HG pectins ( 18 , 22 , 31 ). The calculation formula is shown as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low DM pectins, as well as intermediate DM pectins with blockwise distributions of nonesterified GalA residues, are beneficial for anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of TLR2-1 receptors (16,17). In addition, low DM pectins with a higher blockwise distribution of nonesterified GalA residues, as well as intermediate DM pectins, have been confirmed to increase the frequency of intestinal T-helper (Th)1 and Th2 cells in mice (18). Therefore, it is necessary to analyze methyl-esterification patterns in HG pectins to further investigate the relationship between their structural features and their nutritional functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Determining Methyl-Esterification Patterns in Plant-Derived Homogalacturonan Pectins

Cui

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Homogalacturonan (HG)-type pectins are nutrient components in plants and are widely used in the food industry. The methyl-esterification pattern is a crucial structural parameter used to assess HG pectins in terms of their nutraceutical activity. To better understand the methyl-esterification pattern of natural HG pectins from different plants, we purified twenty HG pectin-rich fractions from twelve plants and classified them by their monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) signatures, and NMR analysis. FT-IR shows that these HG pectins are all minimally esterified, with the degree of methyl-esterification (DM) being 5 to 40%. To examine their methyl-esterification pattern by enzymatic fingerprinting, we hydrolyzed the HG pectins using endo-polygalacturonase. Hydrolyzed oligomers were derivatized with 2-aminobenzamide and subjected to liquid chromatography-fluorescence-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-FLR-MSn). Twenty-one types of mono-/oligo-galacturonides having DP values of 1–10 were found to contain nonesterified monomers, dimers, and trimers, as well as oligomers with 1 to 6 methyl-ester groups. In these oligo-galacturonides, MSn analysis demonstrated that the number of methyl-ester groups in the continuous sequence was 2 to 5. Mono- and di-esterified oligomers had higher percentages in total methyl-esterified groups, suggesting that these are a random methyl-esterification pattern in these HG pectins. Our study analyzes the characteristics of the methyl-esterification pattern in naturally occurring plant-derived HG pectins and findings that will be useful for further studying HG structure-function relationships.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determining Methyl-Esterification Patterns in Plant-Derived Homogalacturonan Pectins

Cui

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar results were reported that the relative abundance of g_Lachnoclostridium was higher in pig gut under heat stress ( Xia et al, 2022 ) and in mice with ulcerative colitis carcinogenesis ( Wang et al, 2019 ). A recent study reported that an increased level of g_Lachnoclostridium significantly correlated to increased frequencies of T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells ( Beukema et al, 2022 ), whose excessive responses could lead to the development of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases ( Miao et al, 2021 ; Sun et al, 2022 ). It indicated that g_Lachnoclostridium had immune-stimulatory effects and might be responsible for the Th1- and Th2-inducing effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary rosemary extract modulated gut microbiota and influenced the growth, meat quality, serum biochemistry, antioxidant, and immune capacities of broilers

Liu

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After the legislative ban on the utilization of antibiotics in animal feed, phytochemical substances gained increasing attention as alternatives to antibiotics because of their bioactivities and safety for animals. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of dietary rosemary extract (RE) on growth performance, meat quality, serum biochemistry, antioxidant and immune capacities, and gut microbiota composition of broilers. By exploring connections among RE, physiological characteristics of broilers, and key microbiota, we sought to provide evidence for the utilization of RE in poultry feed. A total of 280 1-d-old female AA broilers were randomly separated into five groups, and were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 mg/kg of RE, respectively. Results showed that with regard to growth performance, both 500 and 750 mg/kg RE reduced the broiler feed-to-gain ratio from 1 to 21 d (P = 0.018). Regarding meat quality, all compositions of dietary RE reduced cooking loss of breast muscle (P < 0.01), and 500 and 1,000 mg/kg RE reduced the cooking loss of thigh muscle (P = 0.045). Regarding serum biochemical indexes, 500 mg/kg RE reduced ALB, TCHO, HDL-C, and LDL-C, and 750 mg/kg RE reduced GLU, TP, ALB, UA, TG, TCHO, HDL-C, and LDL-C (P < 0.01). Regarding antioxidant and immune capacities, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 mg/kg RE increased T-AOC, GSH-Px, SOD, CAT, IL-2, IgA, IgG, and IgM levels (P < 0.01), and decreased serum MDA level (P < 0.01). RE at 750 mg/kg showed similar effects on growth performance, meat quality, and antioxidative and immune capacities, but a better influence on serum biochemical indexes of broilers compared with 500 mg/kg. Further analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of 750 mg/kg dietary RE on the gut microbial composition of broilers, and the results showed that 750 mg/kg RE reduced the relative abundance of g_Lachnoclostridium, g_Escherichia_Shigella, and g_Marvinbryantia (P <0.05, LDA score >2), which were negatively correlated to antioxidative and immune-associated parameters (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 750 mg/kg dietary RE was shown to have certain beneficial effects on growth performance and meat quality, and hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects on broilers. Furthermore, dietary RE improved antioxidant and immune capacities, which was partially attributed to the reduced abundance of certain pathogenic bacteria in broilers.

show abstract

“…Besides, a recent study has shown that biological activities of OPP can be improved through the degradation by ultrasound assisted H 2 O 2 /Vc reaction, and the in vitro antioxidant and immunostimulatory effects of OPP are related to its molecular mass, branched chain length, and DE ( 9 ). Furthermore, the DE value has gained much attention in the investigation of pectic-polysaccharides, because the DE value can obviously affect biological activities and functional properties of pectic-polysaccharides, such as inhibitory effect on α-amylase, modulation of gut microbial composition, immunoregulatory effect, gel property, and emulsifying ability ( 15 – 18 ). Indeed, the mild alkaline de-esterification has been considered as one of the most important methods to reduce the esterification of pectic-polysaccharides ( 15 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of various degrees of esterification on antioxidant and immunostimulatory activities of okra pectic-polysaccharides

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pectic-polysaccharides are considered as one of the most abundant bioactive components in okra, which possess various promising health-promoting effects. However, the knowledge regarding the structure-bioactivity relationship of okra pectic-polysaccharides (OPP) is still limited. In this study, effects of various degrees of esterification (DEs) on in vitro antioxidant and immunostimulatory activities of OPP were analyzed. Results displayed that OPP with high (42.13%), middle (25.88%), and low (4.77%) DE values were successfully prepared by mild alkaline de-esterification, and their primary chemical structures (compositional monosaccharide and glycosidic linkage) and molecular characteristics (molecular weight distribution, particle size, and rheological property) were overall stable. Additionally, results showed that the notable decrease of DE value did not significantly affect antioxidant activities [2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging abilities as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] of OPP, suggesting that the DE was not closely related to its antioxidant activity. In fact, the slight decrease of antioxidant activity of OPP after the alkaline de-esterification might be attributed to the slight decrease of uronic acid content. Nevertheless, the immunostimulatory effect of OPP was closely related to its DE, and a suitable degree of acetylation was beneficial to its in vitro immunostimulatory effect. Besides, the complete de-acetylation resulted in a remarkable reduction of immune response. The findings are beneficial to better understanding the effect of DE value on antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of OPP, which also provide theoretical foundations for developing OPP as functional foods or health products.

show abstract

The level and distribution of methyl-esters influence the impact of pectin on intestinal T cells, microbiota, and Ahr activation

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Determining Methyl-Esterification Patterns in Plant-Derived Homogalacturonan Pectins

Determining Methyl-Esterification Patterns in Plant-Derived Homogalacturonan Pectins

Dietary rosemary extract modulated gut microbiota and influenced the growth, meat quality, serum biochemistry, antioxidant, and immune capacities of broilers

Effects of various degrees of esterification on antioxidant and immunostimulatory activities of okra pectic-polysaccharides

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About