The Levels of English-Arabic Code-Mixing in Islamic Boarding School Students’ Daily Conversation

Abstract

This study was aimed at discovering the levels of English-Arabic code-mixing in Islamic boarding school students’ daily conversation. This study departs from code-mixing theory in sociolinguistics. Qualitative approach was utilized as the research design. The data were in the form of word, phrase, and clause taken from utterances obtained by recording the conversations of students. From the data analysis taken from 20 situations, there were 98 utterances of code mixing, which were used by students in their conversation at Islamic boarding school covering intra- and extra-sentential code – mixing. The dominant occurrence is in word level totalling to 65 occurrences (66.4%), followed by clause level 13 occurrences (13.2%), phrase level 10 occurrences (10.2%), and sentence level 10 occurrences (10.2%). Therefore, the code – mixing did exist in students’ conversation. Even though the appearance of the code – mixing in students’ conversation was not really high but this needs to be re-examined the correct use of the code – mixing in orther to avoid the misunderstanding and miscommunication among the students and with teachers.

An Analysis of Indonesian-Eglish Code Mixing Used in Social Media (TWITTER)

“…Code mixing is the term for this phenomena. A code is a technique for communication between two or more persons that may be utilized on any occasion (Hanafiah et al, 2018). Following that, Diana Kartini (2019) claims that everyone uses code mixing for different reasons.…”

“…It is quite commonly observed in speech conversations of multilingual societies across the world. According to Grosjean (1982) cited in (Hanafiah et al, 2018) backs this up by pointing out that code-mixing is concerned with moving or transferring materials from a lexical item to a sentence, whereas language alternation is concerned with switching between two languages inside a single discourse. Code mixing is used not just in direct speech, but also in indirect communication, such as on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Youtube, and WhatsApp.…”

Analysis of Code-Mixing in an English Learning Platform on Youtube

“…One of the consequences of bilingualism is code mixing. Hanafiah, Rantika & Yusuf (in Wardhaugh, 1998) say code mixing is when speakers use both languages together as long as they change from one language to another in one utterance (Hanafiah et al, 2018). The hearer should be able to translate the meaning which drawn by the speech context conveyed by the speaker in each of his utterance (Uswatunnisa and Asrifan, 2022).…”

Code-Mixing Employed in Examiner-Examinee’s Interaction: A Sociolinguistic Study

“…In communication, people use language or code as its medium. It is more elaborated that a code is a system employed for communication or interaction in any situation (Hanafiah, Rantika, & Yusuf, 2018). Other experts, Hasan & Akhand (2015) believe that code may be a language or a variety or style of a language.…”

“…Bilingual is literally understood as the one who is able to use two languages during communication. The contact among languages leads to the occurrences of CM (Hanafiah et al, 2018). Bilingual or multilingual has the choice in using the language since it is an alternative to convey the meaning (Johansson, 2013).…”