The Liberty to Die

Clodfelter, Ryan P; Adashi, Eli Y.

doi:10.1001/jama.2015.16242

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…(1–3) With recent legalization efforts succeeding in Canada(4) and California(5) but failing in the U.K.,(6) this debate seems likely to continue for the foreseeable future. In this context, researchers have consistently investigated the attitudes of healthcare professionals (HCPs) since they represent a crucial stakeholder group: PAD has weighty implications for both the duties of certain HCPs as well as the concept of what it means to be a HCP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care Professionals' Attitudes About Physician-Assisted Death: An Analysis of Their Justifications and the Roles of Terminology and Patient Competency

Braverman

Marcus

Wakim

et al. 2017

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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Context Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are crucial to physician-assisted death (PAD) provision. Objectives To quantitatively assess the favorability of justifications for or against PAD legalization among HCPs, the effect of the terms “suicide” and “euthanasia” on their views, and their support for three forms of PAD. Methods Our questionnaire presented three cases: physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia for a competent patient, and euthanasia for an incompetent patient with an advance directive for euthanasia. Respondents judged whether each case was ethical and should be legal, and selected their justifications from commonly cited reasons. The sample included physician clinicians, researchers, non-physician clinicians, and other non-clinical staff at a major academic medical center. Results Of 221 HCPs, the majority thought each case was ethical and should be legal. In order of declining favorability, justifications supporting PAD legalization were relief of suffering, right to die, mercy, acceptance of death, non-abandonment, and saving money for the healthcare system; opposing justifications were the slippery slope argument, unnecessary due to palliative care, killing patients is wrong, religious views, and suicide is wrong. Use of suicide and euthanasia terminology did not affect responses. Participants preferred physician-assisted suicide to euthanasia for a competent patient (p<0.0001) and euthanasia for an incompetent patient to euthanasia for a competent patient (p<0.005). Conclusions HCPs endorsed patient-centered justifications over other reasons, including role-specific duties. Suicide and euthanasia language did not bias HCPs against PAD, challenging claims that such value-laden terms hinder dialogue. More research is required to understand the significance of competency in shaping attitudes toward PAD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care Professionals' Attitudes About Physician-Assisted Death: An Analysis of Their Justifications and the Roles of Terminology and Patient Competency

Braverman

Marcus

Wakim

et al. 2017

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

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“…The third explanation focuses on patients’ interactions with providers. Most AID laws in the U.S. give much discretion to physicians, who may opt-out of participating for any reason (Clodfelter and Adashi, 2016). This gatekeeper role of physicians likely affects which groups have access, regardless of their underlying desire (Buchbinder, 2017, Buchbinder, 2018).…”

Section: The “Good Death”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanded definitions of the ‘good death’? Race, ethnicity and medical aid in dying

Cain

McCleskey

2019

Sociology Health & Illness

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The range of end of life options is expanding across North America. Specifically, medical aid in dying, or the process by which a patient with a terminal illness may request medical assistance with hastening death, has recently become legal in eight jurisdictions in the U.S. and all of Canada. Debates about aid in dying often rely on cultural constructions that define some deaths as “good” and others as “bad.” While research has found commonalities in how patients, family members, and health care providers define good and bad deaths, these constructions likely vary across social groups. Because of this, the extent to which aid in dying is seen as a route to the good death also likely varies across social groups. In this article, we analyse qualitative data from six focus groups (n=39) across three racial and ethnic groups: African American, Latino, and white Californians, just after a medical aid in dying law was passed. We find that definitions of the “good death” are nuanced within and between groups, suggesting that different groups evaluate medical aid in dying in part through complex ideas about dying. These findings further conversations about racial and ethnic differences in choices about end of life options.

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“…Legislative processes inherent within the passage of the Death With Dignity Acts in both OR and WA ensure safeguards for patients seeking MAID, including guaranteeing procedural guidelines for oversight by local and state agencies. 3 Such precautionary measures include requiring the patient to place 3 separate oral and written requests with a built-in waiting period and a required assessment to assess decisional capacity in any case in which it is suspect. 1,2 However, differences in the framework of MAID legislation between each state may result in different outcomes, and, to our knowledge, data on the implementation and uniformity of this practice have never been compared between 2 US states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Medical Aid in Dying in Oregon and Washington

Rabadi

LeBlanc²,

Bucy

et al. 2019

JAMA Netw Open

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Key Points Question Are patterns of medical aid in dying (MAID) use similar in Oregon and Washington? Findings In this cohort study of 3368 prescriptions for MAID in Oregon and Washington, most patients in both states were insured, non-Hispanic white individuals with some level of college education, with cancer being the most common underlying illness prompting MAID request. Annual percentage of patients per year who were prescribed medication and ingested it did not change in Oregon but increased over time in Washington, and in both states there were increasing deaths due to MAID per 1000 deaths over time. Meaning With the exception of use of prescribed medication, MAID patterns are similar in Oregon and Washington.

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The Liberty to Die

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Health Care Professionals' Attitudes About Physician-Assisted Death: An Analysis of Their Justifications and the Roles of Terminology and Patient Competency

Health Care Professionals' Attitudes About Physician-Assisted Death: An Analysis of Their Justifications and the Roles of Terminology and Patient Competency

Expanded definitions of the ‘good death’? Race, ethnicity and medical aid in dying

Trends in Medical Aid in Dying in Oregon and Washington

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