and even the development of prosthetics for enhancement and rehabilitation of the veterans.In the specifics of cranial surgery, techniques for managing and treating skull wounds will undergo an acceleration unthinkable before the conflict, paving the way for modern neurosurgery and increasingly refined and biomimetic cranioplastic reconstructions.In conclusion, despite we wish those wars never took place, from wars we then moved on, and it is absolutely true that humankind has been able to progress in many fields of science on the impulse of wars. Just as it takes a disease to stimulate research, so war has always been a potent propellant for the development of medical science. Similarly, the techniques of cranioplasty learned as an urgent need for military injuries will eventually be transferred to an ever-increasing number of civilian patients.