The Life Cycle of Caligus minimus on Seabass (Lates calcarifer) from Floating Cage Culture

Khoa, Trần Nguyễn Duy; Mazelan, Suhairi; Muda, Mohd Shaladdin; Shaharom-Harrison, Faizah

doi:10.1007/s41208-018-0088-8

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These two farms reported the lowest water temperatures of the study sites (Figure 2) and the decline in sea lice paralleled the decline in water temperature. The reproductive rate of sea lice in salmon industries has been shown to be temperature dependent (20)(21)(22). It is possible that water temperature had an influence on the reproduction of the sea lice in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Emamectin Benzoate Treatment of Hybrid Grouper Infected With Sea Lice in Hong Kong

et al. 2021

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Sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) are ectoparasites which negatively impact marine aquaculture species around the world. There are a limited number of treatments licensed for use against sea lice in tropical and semi-tropical farmed fish species. Emamectin benzoate (EB) was an effective pharmaceutical drug against sea lice infestations in several salmon industries before resistance to the product developed. This drug has not been extensively tested in marine fish within Asia. The objective of this study was to determine whether this drug could be used to treat oral infections with sea lice in hybrid grouper (Mycteroperca tigris × Epinephelus lanceolatus) cultured in saltwater net-pen sites in Hong Kong. We observed an overall reduction in sea lice infections over time, starting on the last day of the treatment up to the end of our study (i.e., 14 days after the last EB treatment). We also observed a large variation in concentrations of EB in fish on the last day of the treatment, which provides an explanation for the variation in response to the treatment. It also suggests that distribution of the medication to fish in saltwater net-pens is difficult, especially when medication is hand-mixed in the feed and possibly unevenly distributed in the daily rations. Overall, this study provides preliminary evidence that EB could be used to treat sea lice found in Hong Kong and potentially in other regions of SE Asia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Emamectin Benzoate Treatment of Hybrid Grouper Infected With Sea Lice in Hong Kong

et al. 2021

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“…The lifespan of the infective stage of sea lice has been reported as lasting between 1–9 days (Johnson & Albright, 1991), and only upon attachment to a host can the lice fully develop and sexually reproduce. Life cycle estimates have ranged from less than two weeks (in controlled trials at 20 and 30°C; Khoa et al ., 2019) to <210 days under laboratory conditions (Mustafa et al ., 2001). The potential longevity of these species may enable them to hitchhike onto migratory species and facilitate their distribution (Boxaspen, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alebion carchariae (Copepod: Caligidae) host plasticity and distribution: a new host and locality record from Ascension Island

et al. 2023

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The first record of the parasite Alebion carchariae in the waters of Ascension Island collected from Galapagos sharks, Carcharhinus galapagensis (Carcharhinidae), is described. No previous record of this parasite exists for Ascension Island, nor have Galapagos sharks previously been listed as a host. Specimens of A. carchariae were identified using morphological techniques and DNA barcoding of the cytochrome c oxidase I subunit (COI) gene. This study provides the first COI barcodes for this species and a brief review of known hosts. We recommend further research to understand the life cycle of this parasite, its plasticity in terms of host/habitat selection, and to determine the implications of its presence on the hosts it inhabits.

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“…The preferred site for copepodid and chalimus stages is on the fins, however, high chalimi infestation intensities have also been observed over the body surface (Finstad, Johnsen, & Hvxdste, ; Jaworski & Wolm, ). Seabass ( L. calcarifer ) and snapper ( Lutjanus erythropterus ) showed a high density of caligid parasites in gills and operculum (Khoa, Suhairi, Sabri, & Faizah, ; Leaw, Faizah, Anil, & Kua, ; Muhd‐Faizul et al, ). There was difficult to apply conventional biocontrols on the parasite as using the freshwater bath or cleaner wrasse because the parasite hides in gills, operculum and was covered by an intensive mucus layer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent of damage depends on the number of Caligus on the host. Using the second antennae and maxillipeds, the copepodid temporarily attached to the host, then permanently connect with a frontal filament in Chalimus stage causing tissue damage in their feeding radius (Boxshall, ; Khoa et al, ; Lewis, ; Piasecki & MacKinnon, ). The adult parasite feeds on mucus, tissue and blood which is achieved by the rasping action of the maxilla.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of neem oil ( Azadirachta indica) to control caligid copepod infestation on Asian seabass ( Lates calcarifer )

et al. 2019

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Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) culture in marine cages have been developed rapidly in Malaysia. The high intensity of culture might facilitate several disease infection including caligid infestation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of neem oil (Azadirachta indica) against caligid parasites on seabass. The prevalence and clinical pathogen of Caligus infection has been described through a sampling of 150 fish from floating cage at different cultured periods. Acute toxic tests with different concentrations of neem oil were carried out on the parasite and fish host. Results revealed that the 96‐hr median lethal concentration (LC50) of Caligus and fish (10.3 ± 2.5 g of body weight) were 2 and 20 ppm respectively. The in vivo test indicated that 10 ppm of neem oil could result in 100% antiparasitic efficacy within 96 hr. These results therapeutically demonstrated the efficacy of neem oil in caligid control.

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The Life Cycle of Caligus minimus on Seabass (Lates calcarifer) from Floating Cage Culture

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Emamectin Benzoate Treatment of Hybrid Grouper Infected With Sea Lice in Hong Kong

Emamectin Benzoate Treatment of Hybrid Grouper Infected With Sea Lice in Hong Kong

Alebion carchariae (Copepod: Caligidae) host plasticity and distribution: a new host and locality record from Ascension Island

Use of neem oil ( Azadirachta indica) to control caligid copepod infestation on Asian seabass ( Lates calcarifer )

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