The lifetime impact of stress on fear regulation and cortical function

Trask, Sydney; Kuczajda, Michael T.; Ferrara, Nicole C.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109367

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Modern people are frequently exposed to various types of stress as it is a natural response to challenging situations or environments. 1 Such responses result in physical and psychological effects on individuals. 1 Some levels of stress can be beneficial and motivating, 2 but prolonged and excessive stress has a negative effect on psychological, physical, and cognitive health and well-being.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Such responses result in physical and psychological effects on individuals. 1 Some levels of stress can be beneficial and motivating, 2 but prolonged and excessive stress has a negative effect on psychological, physical, and cognitive health and well-being. 3 Chronic stress causes physical problems such as cardiovascular dysfunction, fatigue, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modern people are frequently exposed to various types of stress as it is a natural response to challenging situations or environments. Such responses result in physical and psychological effects on individuals. Some levels of stress can be beneficial and motivating, but prolonged and excessive stress has a negative effect on psychological, physical, and cognitive health and well-being. Chronic stress causes physical problems such as cardiovascular dysfunction, fatigue, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. It can make individuals susceptible to infectious diseases by weakening their immune systems and may contribute to the development of illnesses. , Additionally, chronic stress can impair memory, attention, and judgment and induce unhealthy mental states such as anxiety and depression. The stress-mediated escalation of illness is intricately linked to the body’s oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Chronic stress could activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, triggering the release of a cascade of hormones, including cortisol. , This surge in cortisol levels can amplify the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these biochemical changes have the potential to disrupt normal brain functions and alter neuronal signaling, contributing significantly to the development of depressive disorders. Depression is linked to certain diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. , Generally, some antidepressant medications are prescribed to alleviate depression and mood disorders. While they can be effective in reducing depressive symptoms, they also have side effects (e.g., nausea, low appetite, weight reduction, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and dizziness). Therefore, there is a growing need to develop foods or functional materials with fewer adverse effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactobacillus brevis-Fermented Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Ameliorates Depression- and Anxiety-Like Behaviors by Activating the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B Signaling Pathway in BALB/C Mice

Kim,

Suh

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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This study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus brevis-fermented gamma-aminobutyric acid (LB-GABA) on depressive and anxiety-like behaviors with the underlying molecular mechanism in a chronic stress model of BALB/c mice. LB-GABA attenuates both neuronal cell death and the increase of monoamine oxidase activity induced by hydrogen peroxide. Behavioral tests revealed that GABA significantly increased sucrose preference and reduced immobility time in both tail suspension and forced swimming tests. LB-GABA increased exploration of the open arms in the elevated plus maze and restored activity in the open field. Moreover, LB-GABA lowered stress hormone and inflammatory mediator levels. Mechanistically, LB-GABA increased protein levels of BDNF and TrkB, activating downstream targets (AKT, ERK, and CREB), crucial for neuronal survival and plasticity. Furthermore, LB-GABA protected hippocampal neurons from stress-induced cell death and increased serotonin and dopamine levels. Overall, LB-GABA has the potential to alleviate stress-induced depression and anxiety-like symptoms and neuroinflammation by activating the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactobacillus brevis-Fermented Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Ameliorates Depression- and Anxiety-Like Behaviors by Activating the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B Signaling Pathway in BALB/C Mice

Kim,

Suh

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…These include weight gain [ 1 , 2 ], glucose intolerance and insulin resistance [ 3 , 4 ], and inflammation [ 5 – 7 ], all of which can lead to an elevated risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes [ 8 ], obesity [ 1 , 9 ], and heart disease [ 10 , 11 ]. Moreover, research suggests that HFD may exacerbate the body’s stress response by increasing circulating levels of stress hormones [ 12 ], notably cortisol [ 13 – 15 ]. This hormonal elevation can contribute to heightened stress levels and anxiety [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific role of high-fat diet and stress on behavior, energy metabolism, and the ventromedial hypothalamus

Shetty,

Duesman,

Patel

et al. 2024

Biol Sex Differ

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Background Scientific evidence highlights the influence of biological sex on the relationship between stress and metabolic dysfunctions. However, there is limited understanding of how diet and stress concurrently contribute to metabolic dysregulation in both males and females. Our study aimed to investigate the combined effects of high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity and repeated stress on fear-related behaviors, metabolic, immune, and hypothalamic outcomes in male and female mice. Methods To investigate this, we used a highly reliable rodent behavioral model that faithfully recapitulates key aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like fear. We subjected mice to footshock stressor followed by a weekly singular footshock stressor or no stressor for 14 weeks while on either an HFD or chow diet. At weeks 10 and 14 we conducted glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity measurements. Additionally, we placed the mice in metabolic chambers to perform indirect calorimetric measurements. Finally, we collected brain and peripheral tissues for cellular analysis. Results We observed that HFD-induced obesity disrupted fear memory extinction, increased glucose intolerance, and affected energy expenditure specifically in male mice. Conversely, female mice on HFD exhibited reduced respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and a significant defect in glucose tolerance only when subjected to repeated stress. Furthermore, the combination of repeated stress and HFD led to sex-specific alterations in proinflammatory markers and hematopoietic stem cells across various peripheral metabolic tissues. Single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) analysis of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) revealed microglial activation in female mice on HFD, while male mice on HFD exhibited astrocytic activation under repeated stress. Conclusions Overall, our findings provide insights into complex interplay between repeated stress, high-fat diet regimen, and their cumulative effects on health, including their potential contribution to the development of PTSD-like stress and metabolic dysfunctions, emphasizing the need for further research to fully understand these interconnected pathways and their implications for health.

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Associations between fear of COVID-19 and mental health in Ghana: A sequential mediation model

Ye,

Huang,

Adjaottor

et al. 2025

Heliyon

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The lifetime impact of stress on fear regulation and cortical function

Cited by 5 publications

References 217 publications

Lactobacillus brevis-Fermented Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Ameliorates Depression- and Anxiety-Like Behaviors by Activating the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B Signaling Pathway in BALB/C Mice

Lactobacillus brevis-Fermented Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Ameliorates Depression- and Anxiety-Like Behaviors by Activating the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B Signaling Pathway in BALB/C Mice

Sex-specific role of high-fat diet and stress on behavior, energy metabolism, and the ventromedial hypothalamus

Associations between fear of COVID-19 and mental health in Ghana: A sequential mediation model

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