The ligamentum mucosum: A new classification

Gonera, Bartosz; Kurtys, Konrad; Wysiadecki, Grzegorz; Podgórski, Michał; Olewnik, Łukasz

doi:10.1002/ca.23963

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Due to the fact that between the types there was no significant statistical difference regarding the cranio-sacral length, we believe that the type of CFL is already defined in fetal life. In our opinion, the shape of the CFL is determined from the beginning and it is observed in other human ligamentous structures, such as the ligamentum mucosum 14 , 15 . Performing studies on a larger sample of adult lower limbs should confirm our classification of CFL types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical variations of the calcaneofibular ligament in human foetuses

Ruzik

Gonera

Podgórski

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Ligaments anatomy often show a huge anatomy variations between species and individuals. For example calcaneofibular ligaments (CFL) characterize the great variability of morphological shape or presence of additional bands. The aim of this study was to propose first anatomical classification of CFL concerning on human fetuses. We investigated thirty spontaneously-aborted human fetuses aged 18–38 weeks of gestation at death. Sixty lower limbs (30 left and 30 right) fixed in 10% formalin solution were examined. The morphological variability of CFL was assessed. Four types of CFL morphology were observed. Type I was characterized by a band shape. This was the most common type, occurring in 53% of all cases. Based on our study we are proposing a classification based on four morphological types of CFL. Types 2 and 4 are further divided into subtypes. Present classification may be useful to better understand the anatomical development of ankle joint.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical variations of the calcaneofibular ligament in human foetuses

Ruzik

Gonera

Podgórski

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Evaluation of Ligamentum Mucosum in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Tokgöz,

Oklaz,

Ataoğlu

et al. 2024

GMJ

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Objective: Over the past few years, histopathological studies have demonstrated that the ligamentum mucosum (LM) contains neural and vascular structures. These findings suggest that LM can be used for proprioception and revascularization in the repair of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the LM structure in knees with ACL injuries. Methods:The data of patients who underwent knee arthroscopy at our clinic between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Three groups were included in the study; acute ACL tears (n=89), chronic ACL tears (n=111) and intact ACLs (n=101). The arthroscopic video records of all patients were evaluated retrospectively. LM was defined in three different forms: (1) Intact, (2) ruptured, and (3) non-presence. Results:The non-presence of the LM was significantly more common in chronic ACL tears compared to the other groups (p=0.021), while the presence of the LM (either intact or ruptured) was similar between acute ACL tears and intact ACLs. In acute tears, the number of intact LM was significantly lower than that of intact ACLs (p<0.001). However, it was significantly greater than that of chronic tears (p=0.001). Conclusion:According to the present study, the likelihood of intact LM in chronic ACL tears is quite low. In this regard, we suggest that performing surgery in the acute phase of ACL injury will increase the chances of using the LM as a neurovascular source. In addition, because of the possible effect of the LM on proprioception, we recommend preserving the structure during knee arthroscopy procedures if a healthy LM is present.

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Morphometric and Histological Analysis of the Ligamentum Mucosum of the Knee Joint: A Descriptive Study

Dhakshnamoorthy,

Sakthivel

2024

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy

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Background: The ligamentum mucosum (LM), or the infrapatellar plica, is a synovial fold of the knee joint that extends between the infrapatellar pad of fat and the intercondylar notch of the femur. LM has been implicated in plica syndrome, a painful knee condition caused by thickened, fibrotic, and edematous synovial plicae. LM can be used to reconstruct an anterior cruciate ligament tear. The present cadaveric study aims to describe the gross and histological features of LM. Methodology: In 20 adult cadavers, the intra-articular structures of the knee joint were exposed by reflecting the patella. LM and its type were identified. The length, width, and thickness were measured. The structure of LM was studied using hematoxylin and eosin stains. Results: LM was present in all the knees. Type 1 was predominant with a single band and was observed in 85%. Type 2a and type 2b were presented with double bands and triple bands, respectively. Type 3 LM was a vertical septum dividing the joint cavity into two compartments. The length of the ligament was 28.16 ± 2.35 mm. The thickness of LM at the proximal and distal end was higher on the left side, which was statistically significant. LM was composed of dense connective tissue and had rich vascularization. Conclusion: LM was initially thought to be incidental, but recent studies have changed the view, and the present study confirms its presence and describes its anatomical features. Knowledge about the LM is necessary to evaluate anterior knee pain when no other pathology is detected.

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The ligamentum mucosum: A new classification

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Anatomical variations of the calcaneofibular ligament in human foetuses

Anatomical variations of the calcaneofibular ligament in human foetuses

Evaluation of Ligamentum Mucosum in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Morphometric and Histological Analysis of the Ligamentum Mucosum of the Knee Joint: A Descriptive Study

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