The Light Requirement for Herbicidal Activity of Diphenyl Ethers

Fadayomi, O.; Warren, G. F.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500063025

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This may have accounted for the increased permeability of the yellow leaves to paraquat and oxyfluorfen. Fadayomi & Warren (1976), using fresh weight determinations at 3 days after treatment, showed that the yellow soybean mutant and the normal green plants were equally susceptible to oxyfluorfen. Matsunaka {1969a), working with several rice mutants in the light, showed that white mutants were resistant to a diphenylether (nitrofen), while yellow mutants were as susceptible as the normal green ones.…”

Section: Plant Pigments and Herbicidal Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In contrast Baur et al (1969) claimed that ultrastructural changes such as rapid disintegration ofthe plasmaiemma in mesophyll cells of paraquat-treated leaves of Prosopis juliflora were similar after incubation in either light or darkness. Fadayomi & Warren (1976) showed that light was required for activity of oxyfluorfen in beans. Matsunaka (!969a, 1969b) found that the ortho substituted dipheny!…”

Section: Light and Dark Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of four herbicides and two oils on leaf‐cell membrane permeability*†

Prendeville

Warren

1977

Weed Research

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Summary: Leakage of electrolytes from leaf discs of treated Phaseolus Vulgaris L. plants was the main criterion used to study the effect of several chemicals on the permeability of leaf‐cell membranes. Paraquat, diquat, dinoseb and oxyfluorfen (2‐chloro‐1‐(3‐ethoxy‐4‐nitrophenoxy)‐4‐(Trifluoromethyl) benzene) increased leaf‐cell membrane permeability after exposure for 12 h or less. An‘aromatic’oil caused a large increase in permeability at 2–5 min after treatment. Increases in electrolyte release were also correlated with release of soluble amino acids from the leaf discs but the former method was the more sensitive. Increase in cell membrane permeability was always associated with injury symptoms such as appearance of necrotic areas in leaves. Chlorpropham, linuron, sodium azide, glyphosate and 2,4‐D at 10−3M, as well as 1% X‐77 surfactant and a non‐phytotoxic isoparaffinic oil did not alter leaf‐cell permeability at 12 h after treatment. Light was necessary for paraquat and oxyfluorfen to alter leaf cell permeability. Paraquat and oxyfluorfen caused a greater increase in leaf‐cell permeability of a soybean mutant with yellow leaves as compared with the normal green leaves. With oxyfluorfen this difference in permeability was greater than with paraquat, and was associated with the appearance of severe necrotic injury symptoms in the yellow mutant; paraquat caused no injury symptoms.

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Section: Plant Pigments and Herbicidal Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Light and Dark Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of four herbicides and two oils on leaf‐cell membrane permeability*†

Prendeville

Warren

1977

Weed Research

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“…Nitro-and chloroDPE molecules absorb a portion of the UV-A component. This is based in part on the fact that DPEs are inactive in plants lacking carotenoids due to mutation or chemical treatment (Fadayomi and Warren, 1976;Matsunaka, 1969). Photooxidation of /?-car in UV-A radiation in the absence of herbicide was greater than in visible light alone (Table III), corroborating the fact that carotenoids absorb UV-A radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

UV-A photooxidation of .beta.-carotene in triton X-100 micelles by nitrodiphenyl ether herbicides

Orr¹,

Hogan²

1985

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Photooxidation of @-carotene in Triton X-100 micelles was stimulated by lipophilic nitrodiphenyl ether herbicides at concentrations as low as 5 pM after 15 min in UV radiation (UV-A between 315 and 400 nm). Bleaching of @-carotene by acifluorfen-methyl [methyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate) was proportional to UV-A intensity and independent of pH. White light (400-700 nm) alone was without effect. At pH 6.5, 100 pM acifluorfen [sodium 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate], a water-soluble nitrodiphenyl ether, stimulated photooxidation of @-carotene after 15 min in UV-A radiation. Activity of 200 pM acifluorfen was enhanced at pHs between 3.5 and 6.5. The chlorodiphenyl ether analogue of acifluorfen-methyl, methyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-chlorobenzoate, exhibited little activity at 200 pM and 200 pM phenyl ether was without effect. Activation energy for acifluorfen-methyl stimulated @-carotene photooxidation near 20 and 30 OC was 40.3 and 5.6 kJ mol-', respectively. Subsequent to UV-A exposure and placement into darkness no further bleaching of @-carotene was detected, indicating that reactive species were generated only in light and consumed quickly in darkness.

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“…The presence of light and oxygen are the basic requirements to induce activity of DPhE herbicides such as oxyfluorfen and acifluorfen (Fadayomi and Warren 1976). It has been reported that DPhE herbicides generate oxygen radicals, which initiate a free radical chain reaction in the cell membrane (Orr and Hess 1982;Boger 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of MxPPO overexpressing transgenic tall fescue plants to two diphenyl-ether herbicides, oxyfluorfen and acifluorfen

et al. 2008

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We generated transgenic tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. cv. Kentucky-31) plants harboring a synthetic Myxococcus xanthus protoporphyrinogen oxidase (MxPPO) gene through Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. Successful integration of the transgene into the genome of transgenic plants confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot analysis, and the functional expression of the MxPPO gene at the mRNA level in transgenic lines was validated by Northern blot analysis. Responses of transgenic and non-transgenic tall fescue plants to diphenyl-ether herbicides such as oxyfluorfen and acifluorfen have been evaluated in respect of various physiological and biochemical parameters. Differential responses were observed in chlorophyll content, in vivo H 2 O 2 deposition and lipid peroxidation in both transgenic and non-transgenic plants exposed to oxyfluorfen or acifluorfen. Isozyme profiles of four antioxidantenzymes, including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), were also investigated in transgenic and nontransgenic plants using native PAGE analysis. Compared to the transgenic lines, higher staining activities of the examined antioxidant-enzymes observed in non-transgenic plants subjected to 100 lM of oxyfluorfen or acifluorfen suggests that non-transgenic plants are unable to prevent the photodynamic induced oxidative stress caused by herbicides. In addition, both transgenic and non-transgenic plants exposed to oxyfluorfen exhibited proportionally increased band-staining patterns in contrast to acifluorfen, which suggests that oxyfluorfen has relatively greater or more rapid effects on leaves than acifluorfen.

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The Light Requirement for Herbicidal Activity of Diphenyl Ethers

Cited by 55 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of four herbicides and two oils on leaf‐cell membrane permeability*†

Effect of four herbicides and two oils on leaf‐cell membrane permeability*†

UV-A photooxidation of .beta.-carotene in triton X-100 micelles by nitrodiphenyl ether herbicides

Responses of MxPPO overexpressing transgenic tall fescue plants to two diphenyl-ether herbicides, oxyfluorfen and acifluorfen

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