The lignin geochemistry of marine sediments from the southern Washington coast

Hedges, John I.; Mann, Dale C.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(79)90029-2

Cited by 298 publications

(185 citation statements)

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“…These average 5'3C values for the Holocene and Pleistocene sequences of core TT120-18 are within +0.50/00, respectively, of previously published estimates for marine-and terrestrially-derived organic carbon in modem sediments from the Washington coastal region (Hedges and Mann, 1979b). As opposed to the Gulf of Mexico cores which have relatively uniform weight percentages of organic carbon throughout, the Washington slope core exhibits a large decrease in organic carbon from values near 3% at the top to values of approximately 0.4% within the gray clay.…”

Section: Carbon Isotope and Organic Elemental Analysessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…As whole, )~ values for these sediments are low in comparison to values for vascular plant tissues, 2--25 (Hedges and Mann, 1979a), and continental shelf sediments, 0.1--9 (Hedges and Parker, 1976;Hedges and Mann, 1979b). Average )~ values for Holocene (0.06 +0.15, n = 9) and Pleistocene (0.10 +0.10, n = 9) sediments from the Gulf of Mexico are not significantly different (values ~ 0.05 averaged as zero).…”

Section: Lignin Oxidation Productsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Lignins are a major component of the woody tissues of vascular land plants, but are absent from marine organisms (Sarkanen and Ludwig, 1971). Lignin oxidation products have been used to trace the remains of vascular land plants in marine sediments (Leo and Barghoorn, 1970;Pocklington and MacGregor, 1973;Gardner and Menzel, 1974) and to identify the major plant tissue sources (Hedges and Mann, 1979b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparisons of the lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions of recent marine sediments from the Gulf of Mexico and Washington State continental shelf and slope indicate for these regions that lignin is a major component of the terrigenous fraction and that lignin oxidation products are reliable indicators of the concentrations of land-derived organic matter in general (Hedges and Parker, 1976;Hedges and Mann, 1979b). Recent evidence for the chemical stability of lignins in marine and lacustrine sediments (Hedges and Mann, 1979b;Hedges et al, submitted) suggest that lignin oxidation products should also be useful for addressing the previously discussed question of the forms and origin of 13C-depleted organic matter in glacial-age sediments from the Gulf of Mexico and Washington regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent evidence for the chemical stability of lignins in marine and lacustrine sediments (Hedges and Mann, 1979b;Hedges et al, submitted) suggest that lignin oxidation products should also be useful for addressing the previously discussed question of the forms and origin of 13C-depleted organic matter in glacial-age sediments from the Gulf of Mexico and Washington regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions in quaternary marine sediments

Hedges

Geen

1982

Marine Chemistry

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Heges, J.I. and van Geen, A., 1982. A comparison of lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions in quaternary marine sediments. Mar. Chem., 11: 43--53.Organic matter in four Quaternary sediment cores from the Gulf of Mexico and one core from the Washington State coast have been analyzed for lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions. Holocene sequences of all five cores contain organic matter with high relative abundances of IS c (~13C------19.0 to --22.50/o0 versus PDB) and low lignin concentrations, both of which are consistent with a marine origin. Distinctly lower 13C concentrations (813 C----24.0 to --25.50/oo ) occur in underlying glacial-age sequences from four of the five cores, including the core from the Washington coast where such trends are previously unreported. Although the carbon isotopic compositions of these Pleistocene sediments are typical of predominantly land-derived organic matter, they contain only about 5% of the lignin found in modern sediments of similar 813C from adjacent continental shelves. The lignin-poor organic matter in the glacial-age deposits appears to be either marine-derived or terrigenous material that likely was depleted in vascular plant debris at the time of deposition.

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Section: Carbon Isotope and Organic Elemental Analysessupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Lignin Oxidation Productsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions in quaternary marine sediments

Hedges

Geen

1982

Marine Chemistry

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Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska

Witter

Briggs

Engelhart

et al. 2014

Geophys. Res. Lett.

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Can a predominantly creeping segment of a subduction zone generate a great (M > 8) earthquake?Despite Russian accounts of strong shaking and high tsunamis in 1788, geodetic observations above the Aleutian megathrust indicate creeping subduction across the Shumagin Islands segment, a well-known seismic gap. Seeking evidence for prehistoric great earthquakes, we investigated Simeonof Island, the archipelago's easternmost island, and found no evidence for uplifted marine terraces or subsided shorelines. Instead, we found freshwater peat blanketing lowlands, and organic-rich silt and tephra draping higher glacially smoothed bedrock. Basal peat ages place glacier retreat prior to 10.4 ka and imply slowly rising (<0.2 m/ka) relative sea level since~3.4 ka. Storms rather than tsunamis probably deposited thin, discontinuous deposits in coastal sites. If rupture of the megathrust beneath Simeonof Island produced great earthquakes in the late Holocene, then coseismic uplift or subsidence was too small (≤0.3 m) to perturb the onshore geologic record.

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Evidence for permafrost thaw and transport from an Alaskan North Slope watershed

Schreiner

Bianchi

Rosenheim

2014

Geophys. Res. Lett.

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Burial of organic carbon (OC) in marine sediments is one of the most important linkages between the short-term biologic carbon cycle and the long-term geologic carbon cycle. Yet much is still unknown about the fate of terrigenous OC in marine coastal margins. Here the delivery of particulate OC (POC) to the Colville River deltaic region in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea by particulates of varying densities is studied through the use of ramped temperature pyrolysis and radiocarbon analyses. The Colville River is the largest river in North America whose watershed is underlain completely by high Arctic permafrost tundra. A variety of sources of POC are considered, including terrestrial soils, Pleistocene-aged yedoma-like sediments, coastal peat erosion, and marine POC. We provide the first evidence that riverine POC from the Colville River contains old (Pleistocene-sourced) OC, suggesting ongoing thaw and mobilization of yedoma-like permafrost OC from this northern Alaskan watershed. Additionally, much of this OC appears to be fairly labile and therefore could be readily oxidized and returned to the atmosphere.

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The lignin geochemistry of marine sediments from the southern Washington coast

Cited by 298 publications

References 10 publications

A comparison of lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions in quaternary marine sediments

A comparison of lignin and stable carbon isotope compositions in quaternary marine sediments

Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska

Evidence for permafrost thaw and transport from an Alaskan North Slope watershed

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