The likely impact of elevated [CO₂], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems: a literature review

Abstract

Contents Summary464I.464II.466III.468IV.470V.471VI.472VII.474VIII.475476476

The mutual responses of higher plants to environment: Physiological and microbiological aspects

“…This is also the case for the relationship between higher plant community and environment [120,[127][128][129]. Given that mycorrhizal fungi are phylogenetically and functionally diverse, consume a significant portion of global terrestrial production, play a critical role in nutrient cycling and food webs, and exhibit high sensitivity to environmental change, the ability to predict such community responses is of importance to conserving fungal diversity and maintaining ecosystem processes [7,52,75,112,.…”

“…This approach would make us begin to develop species-or community-environment predictive models sufficiently accurate that for any site we could predict the potential pool of dominant fungal taxa [54]. While ambitious, this method is essential in order to predict species-environment relationships beyond a narrow set of sites [45][46][47][48][49][50]52].…”

“…A major motivation for the above effort is the high rate of human-accelerated environmental change, including elevated atmospheric ozone, CO 2 , nitrogen deposition, climate change and land use/land cover change [33,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][129][130][131][132]. It is a clear fact that these changes can affect mycorrhizal fungal species, but it is also clear that we do not yet have data sets sufficiently saturated, or models sufficiently powerful, to determine the exact nature, timing and spatial pattern of fungal community responses.…”

“…Plants live in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) environment, and they have to coordinate the mechanisms of diverse types to respond to the above changing environment at any time for sustainable survival [4][5][6][7][8][9][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. Plant production realization is obtained eventually through physiological pathways at least at the level of individual and community [102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109]120,[130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140].…”

Geothermal ecosystems as natural climate change experiments: The ForHot research site in Iceland as a case study

“…The impacts of changing climatic conditions on terrestrial ecosystems at high latitudes (>60 °N) are a very active research field today (Hyvönen et al 2007, Way & Oren 2010, Kayler et al 2015. The typical cold conditions at high latitudes strongly constrain decomposition of organic material (McGuire et al 2009) and over time this has led to the build-up of organicmatter rich soils with relatively slow nutrient cycles in this region.…”