The Limousine Liberal: How an Incendiary Image United the Right and Fractured America

Geismer, Lily

doi:10.1093/jahist/jax144

Cited by 1 publication

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“…16). During the same period, the denunciation of experts as "know-it-alls" who looked down on ordinary Americans became a staple of conservative rhetoric and led to the proliferation of terms such as "pointy-headed intellectuals," "liberal elites," "limousine liberals," and "so-called experts" (Fraser 2016;Miller and Schofield 2008;Perlstein 2008). These notions were frequently tied to condemnations of "big government" and, more recently, "the deep state" run by experts who grew wealthy on tax dollars, enforced jobkilling regulations, and appropriated hard-won earnings for "useless" government programs (see, e.g., Hurst, quoted in Frank 2004).…”

Section: Left-liberal Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are U.S. Professionals and Managers More Left Than Blue-Collar Workers? An Analysis of the General Social Survey, 1974 to 2018

Brint

Curran

Mahutga

2022

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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Social science interest in professionals and managers as a left- and liberal-trending stratum has increased in recent years. Using General Social Survey data over a 44-year period, the authors examine 15 attitudes spanning social, economic, and political identity liberalism. On nearly all attitudes, professionals and managers have trended in a liberal direction, have liberalized more quickly than blue-collar workers, and are either as or more liberal than blue-collar workers. The authors find that the higher levels of education among professionals and managers, their tendency to adopt nonauthoritarian outlooks, and their lower propensity to identify with fundamentalist religion mediate their more liberal trends vis-à-vis blue-collar workers. Conversely, their higher relative incomes suppress the extent of their economic and criminal justice liberalism. The authors’ theorization links changes in the macro-economy to growing gaps in the composition of the two strata and the activities of politicians and parties to consolidate emerging political differences.

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Section: Left-liberal Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%