The linamarase of<i>Mucor circinelloides</i>LU M40 and its detoxifying activity on cassava

Petruccioli, Maurizio; Brimer, Leon; Cicalini, Anna Rita; Federici, Federico

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00655.x

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, an increase in temperature leads to an increase in kinetic energy which causes denaturation and destabilization of thermostable threedimensional structure of the enzyme at high temperature Fadahunsi et al Bull Natl Res Cent (2020) 44:185 (Bisswanger 2014). However, Petrucciolli et al (1999) and Nwokoro and Onyebuchi (2011) reported that optimal linamarase activity of Mucor circinelloides and L. delbrueckii occurred at 40 °C and 50 °C, respectively, which is at variance with our findings in this investigation. It is pertinent to report that each enzyme has its own optimum temperature for activity which is dependent on the strength of amino acids as monomers of enzymes (Maherawati et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of cultural conditions on the growth and linamarase production by a local species of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from cassava effluent

2020

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Background This study was designed to investigate the effect of cultural conditions on growth and production of linamarase by a local species of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from cassava effluent. Isolation and identification of bacteria from cassava effluent were carried out using the culture-dependent method and polyphasic taxonomy, respectively, while screening for cyanide degradation, and the effects of cultural conditions on the growth and linamarase activity of L. fermentum were investigated based on standard procedures. Results A total of twenty-one bacterial isolates were obtained from cassava effluent, and isolate MA 9 had the highest growth of 2.8 × 1010 cfu/ml in minimum medium, confirmed as safe, identified as Lactobacillus fermentum and selected for further study. The highest growth of 2.498 OD and linamarase activity of 2.49 U/ml were observed at inoculums volume of 0.10 ml at 48-h incubation period, while optimum growth of 1.926 OD and linamarase activity of 1.66 U/ml occurred at pH 5.5. At 37 °C, the optimum growth of 0.34 OD was recorded with the highest linamarase activity of 0.81 U/ml at 30 °C. However, the incubation period of 48 h stimulated an optimum growth of 3.091 OD with corresponding linamarase activity of 1.81 U/ml, while the substrate concentration of 400 ppm favours a maximum growth of 2.783 OD with linamarase activity of 1.86 U/ml at 48 h of incubation. The supplemented of 10 mM calcium ions stimulated optimum linamarase activity of 2.65 U/ml. Conclusion Lactobacillus fermentum could be used as starter culture in cassava fermentation for the production cassava-based product with reduced cyanide content.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Effect of cultural conditions on the growth and linamarase production by a local species of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from cassava effluent

2020

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“…In our genome-wide analysis, three BGLs (GH3) were identified, of which two were predicted to be extracellular (protein IDs 33615 and 38405). This is consistent with previous reports of BGL from M. circinelloides , although it was not specifically identified and characterized in those studies [24], [31].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Genomic, Proteomic, and Biochemical Analyses of Oleaginous Mucor circinelloides: Evaluating Its Capability in Utilizing Cellulolytic Substrates for Lipid Production

et al. 2013

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Lipid production by oleaginous microorganisms is a promising route to produce raw material for the production of biodiesel. However, most of these organisms must be grown on sugars and agro-industrial wastes because they cannot directly utilize lignocellulosic substrates. We report the first comprehensive investigation of Mucor circinelloides, one of a few oleaginous fungi for which genome sequences are available, for its potential to assimilate cellulose and produce lipids. Our genomic analysis revealed the existence of genes encoding 13 endoglucanases (7 of them secretory), 3 β-D-glucosidases (2 of them secretory) and 243 other glycoside hydrolase (GH) proteins, but not genes for exoglucanases such as cellobiohydrolases (CBH) that are required for breakdown of cellulose to cellobiose. Analysis of the major PAGE gel bands of secretome proteins confirmed expression of two secretory endoglucanases and one β-D-glucosidase, along with a set of accessory cell wall-degrading enzymes and 11 proteins of unknown function. We found that M. circinelloides can grow on CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) and cellobiose, confirming the enzymatic activities of endoglucanases and β-D-glucosidases, respectively. The data suggested that M. circinelloides could be made usable as a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) strain by introducing a CBH (e.g. CBHI) into the microorganism. This proposal was validated by our demonstration that M. circinelloides growing on Avicel supplemented with CBHI produced about 33% of the lipid that was generated in glucose medium. Furthermore, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis showed that when growing on pre-saccharified Avicel substrates, it produced a higher proportion of C14 fatty acids, which has an interesting implication in that shorter fatty acid chains have characteristics that are ideal for use in jet fuel. This substrate-specific shift in FAME profile warrants further investigation.

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“…Ikediobi and Onyike [31] and Okafor and Ejiofor [13] demonstrated that it is possible to reduce the cassava toxicity by the addition of an exogenous linamarase during the fermentation. Petruccioli et al [32], reported in 1999 that addition of Mucor circinelloides crude linamarase during cassava tuber fermentation shortened and enhanced the detoxification process leading to a complete hydrolysis of cassava cyanogenic glucoside. In contrast, Giraud et al [33] observed that inoculation of cassava pulp with a strain of lactic acid bacteria possessing a strong linamarase activity did not appear to contribute to cassava detoxification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linamarase production by some microbial isolates and a comparison of the rate of degradation of cassava cyanide by microbial and cassava linamarases

Nwokoro

2016

Hem Ind

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Production of linamarase and the effects of media composition on enzyme production were studied. A total of eight linamarase-producing bacteria were isolated from fermenting cassava tubers and soil samples. Selection of the isolates was based on their fast growth in media containing 800 mg/L potassium cyanide solution. Eight of the isolates which showed very fast growth in the growth medium as demonstrated by increase in their optical density readings to at least 0.6 in the cyanide containing media were selected for further studies. The isolates were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus cellobiosus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus subtilis. All the isolates were grown in media containing Tween 80 solution and in control media without the surfactant. Best enzyme activity of 6.82 U/mL was obtained in the medium containing Tween 80 solution and Lactobacillus fermentum as the test bacterium. Comparatively, linamarase production by the isolates in media without Tween 80 showed lower enzyme productivity. Cassava endogenous and microbial enzymes were tested for their abilities to hydrolyze cyanide in cassava flour samples pretreated to either remove the endogenous or microbial enzyme. Residual cyanide in cassava flour samples treated with linamarase of Lactobacillus plantarum was undetected in 30 h, while in contrast, the residual cyanide in cassava flour samples treated with endogenous linamarase was 0.39 mg/10 g cassava flour after 80 h. Residual cyanide in the untreated control sample was 1.98 mg HCN /10 g cassava flour after 80 h. The results from this finding demonstrated improved cassava cyanide degradation with microbial linamarase as compared to endogenous cassava linamarase. Massive inoculation of fermenting cassava tubers with the isolates reported in this study would enable better control of the cassava fermentation process and may lead to the production of standardized and non-toxic cassava food products.

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The linamarase ofMucor circinelloidesLU M40 and its detoxifying activity on cassava

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of cultural conditions on the growth and linamarase production by a local species of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from cassava effluent

Effect of cultural conditions on the growth and linamarase production by a local species of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from cassava effluent

Genomic, Proteomic, and Biochemical Analyses of Oleaginous Mucor circinelloides: Evaluating Its Capability in Utilizing Cellulolytic Substrates for Lipid Production

Linamarase production by some microbial isolates and a comparison of the rate of degradation of cassava cyanide by microbial and cassava linamarases

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