The Linburg-Comstock Anomaly: Incidence in Malaysians and Effect on Pinch Strength

Low, Tze Hau; Senan, Nur Aida Faruk; Ahmad, Tunku Sara

doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.01.020

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, a difference in the prevalence of the right-sided anomaly was identified, with a higher frequency among the male population (n ¼ 99; 70.21%) in relation to women (n ¼ 63; 51.21%), with p ¼ 0.0016. This finding is in line with those by Low et al, 18 who observed a higher frequency of unilateral anomalies in both genders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Studies conducted in England also presented a high prevalence of the anomaly, from 60% to 70%, 5,14 which is similar to that observed in the present study. Other studies showed lower prevalence, of 20% in Canada, 4 35% in Malaysia, 18 between 27.8% and 32.2% in Turkey, 17 39% in Saudi Arabia 12 and 15% in Italy. 19 The divergences between the various regions of the globe can be justified by ethnic and methodological differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…19 The divergences between the various regions of the globe can be justified by ethnic and methodological differences. We can observe that some studies have presented the prevalence of groups of specific risk, such as musicians, 9,14 secretaries, 17,20 students 12,18 and soldiers. 20 The sample of the present study had a mean age of 38.42 years (18 to 72 years), and consisted of 531 (52.67%) men and 477 (47.33%) women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Several studies have shown the higher prevalence of unilateral anomalies in relation to bilateral anomalies. 1,9,12,18 The pioneer Linburg-Comstock study showed rates of 31% of unilateral and of 14% of bilateral anomalies. 1 Our study, unlike previous ones, showed a higher frequency of bilateral anomalies (n ¼ 300; 53.2%), in relation to the right-sided (n ¼ 162; 28.72%) and left-sided (n ¼ 102; 18.08%) anomalies (►Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalência da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock em uma amostra populacional brasileira

Barreto

Fernandes

Nakachima

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo)

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Palavras-chave► deformidades congênitas da mão ► anormalidades nas articulações dos dedos ► tendões ► prevalência ► anatomia ResumoObjetivo Determinar a prevalência da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock em uma amostra populacional brasileira. Métodos Estudo observacional transversal realizado no período de outubro de 2017 a abril de 2018. Foram incluídos voluntários dos gêneros feminino e masculino, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. A presença da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock foi determinada pela realização dos testes clínicos descritos por Linburg e Comstock. Os dados foram analisados por meio do software GraphPad Prism, sendo consideradas diferenças com valores de p < 0,05.Resultados O estudo analisou 1.008 voluntários (2.016 mãos) com idade média de 38,3 anos, dos quais 531 (52,67%) eram do gênero masculino, e 477 (47,33%) eram do gênero feminino. A anomalia de Linburg-Comstock foi diagnosticada em 564 voluntários (55,95%) da população estudada, sendo bilateral em 300 (53,2%), direita em 162 (28,72%), e esquerda em 102 (18,08%). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando se comparou a prevalência entre os gêneros. Porém, foi encontrada uma maior prevalência da anomalia direita na população masculina (n ¼ 99; 70,21%) do que na feminina (n ¼ 63; 51,21%), com p ¼ 0,0016. Além disso, a presença da dor pela manobra descrita por Linburg e Comstock foi mais prevalente nas mulheres (n ¼ 150; 54,94%) do que nos homens (n ¼ 105; 36,08%), com p ¼ 0,0001. Estes resultados mostram a importância dos estudos epidemiológicos sobre a anomalia de Linburg-Comstock, principalmente com o intuito de investigar a presença de afecções associadas. Conclusão A prevalência da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock na população estudada foi de 55,95%, sendo bilateral em 53,2% dos voluntários. A presença da conexão foi observada com maior frequência do lado direito em homens, mas o sintoma dor foi mais frequente nas mulheres.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalência da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock em uma amostra populacional brasileira

Barreto

Fernandes

Nakachima

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo)

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“…The FPL could be connected to the FDP of the index (Linburg-Comstock Anomaly) with a varied frequency. Such anomaly could be found in 13.6% (Schraut et al, 2015), in 35% for Low et al (2012), in 37% for Hamitouche et al (2000), in 20% (Rennie and Muller 1998), and in 31% for Linburg and Comstock (1979), with an average connection frequency of 31%. Thus, the frequency of an independent FPL is estimated at 69%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Relationship Between Digit Independence and Digital Sesamoids in Humans and a Proposal of a New Digital Sesamoid Evolutionary Hypothesis

Yammine

2018

The Anatomical Record

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Digital sesamoids are found in the metapodial-phalangeal joints of most mammals and quadrupedal tetrapods, yet their functional significance is still unclear. During primate evolution, a slight decline in their frequency has been associated with brachiation in gibbons, followed by a quasi-complete absence in orangutans then a slight resurgence occurred in gorillas and chimpanzees. Simultaneously, forearm muscles showed a progressive division in hominoid evolution towards a more "individualistic" musculature yielding more mobility and independence to some fingers. In humans, sesamoids are consistently observed in thumbs and big toes and frequently in other hypermobile digits such as the index and little fingers. Using a simple mathematical equation, this paper attempted to quantify a presumed association between hypermobile fingers and sesamoid frequency and distribution in humans. To this, an anatomic definition of digital independence has been formulated which includes three variables; (1) number and (2) frequency of independent flexor/extensor forearm muscles destined to a single finger, (3) and number of free/absent webspace. Results of previous meta-analyses and means of big sample studies were used to evaluate the frequency of such muscles. The expected values obtained via this model were found to be very close to the observed (published) values of the ossified sesamoids in human hands, and that in terms of frequency and distribution. The findings in humans showed a quasi-linear association between the degree of mobility and sesamoid frequency. The more the number of independent muscles destined to a finger, the more its metacarpo-phalangeal joint is likely to bear sesamoids. Based on our results and on a new analysis of primates' forearm/hand muscles and sesamoid evolution, a new hypothesis is proposed to answer two questions; the evolution of digital sesamoid frequency in primates and its sesamoid distribution in human digits. It claims that the number/frequency of independent forearm/hand muscles, and particularly the independent extensors, is likely to be a major factor in sesamoid reversion in hominoids. The argument is based on the link between the metatarsal break induced by the digitigrade locomotion observed in quadrupedal mammals and tetrapods and the amount of extra-extension of the metacarpo-phalangeal joints conferred by the individualization of some forearm extensors. The same rationale yielded similar conclusions when applied to both the hand and foot. The manipulative function of the hand and the plantigrade locomotion of the foot required such extra-extension in specific digits and consequently, a higher frequency of digital sesamoids was associated with these two different functions. The new evolutionary analysis suggests evolutionary pathways for both, the sesamoids of the hands and feet, and speculates that muscle individualization would have induced a very slow re-acquisition of digital sesamoids when compared to their rapid decline after brachiation. It is the first hypothesis offering ...

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Secondary Linburg-Comstock syndrome: a case report

et al. 2017

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The Linburg-Comstock Anomaly: Incidence in Malaysians and Effect on Pinch Strength

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Prevalência da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock em uma amostra populacional brasileira

Prevalência da anomalia de Linburg-Comstock em uma amostra populacional brasileira

The Relationship Between Digit Independence and Digital Sesamoids in Humans and a Proposal of a New Digital Sesamoid Evolutionary Hypothesis

Secondary Linburg-Comstock syndrome: a case report

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