The Linear No-Threshold Relationship Is Inconsistent with Radiation Biologic and Experimental Data

Tubiana, M; Feinendegen, L. E.; Yang, Chichuan; Kaminski, Joseph

doi:10.1148/radiol.2511080671

Cited by 445 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Some contend that the model fails to account for the rate of radiation exposure or for cell capacity to repair radiation damage. 11 The assumed risk estimates are ultimately derived from analyses of mortality data based on Japanese atomic bomb survivors 7 exposed to intermediate radiation doses (approximately 40 mSv), like two or three typical CT scans in adults. The atomic bomb data provide strong evidence of an increased cancer mortality risk at equivalent doses Ͼ100 mSv, good evidence of an increased risk for doses between 50 and 100 mSv, and reasonable evidence for an increased risk for doses between 10 and 50 mSv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging in Hemodialysis Patients

Mauri¹,

Brambilla²,

Chiarinotti³

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Radiation exposure accompanying medical imaging associates with cancer risk. Patients with recurrent or chronic diseases may be especially at risk, because they may undergo more of these procedures. The aim of this study was to assess the individual cumulative effective doses (CEDs), which quantify radiation from medical imaging procedures, in a cohort of 106 hemodialysis patients during a median follow-up of 3 years. We retrospectively calculated individual radiation exposures by collecting the number and type of radiologic procedures from hospital records. We also estimated organ doses for computed tomography procedures. The mean and median annual CEDs were 21.9 and 11.7 mSv per patient-year, respectively. The mean and median total CEDs per patient during the study period were 57.7 and 27.3 mSv, respectively. By radiation dose group, we classified 22 patients as low (Ͻ3 mSv/yr), 51 as moderate (3 to Ͻ20 mSv/yr), 22 as high (20 to Ͻ50 mSv/yr), and 11 as very high (Ն50 mSv/yr). Seventeen patients had a total CED Ͼ100 mSv, a value associated with a substantial increase in risk for cancer-related mortality. Of the total CED,s 76% was a result of CT scanning. The annual CED significantly associated with age and transplant waitlist status. In summary, this study shows that a significant fraction of surviving hemodialysis patients during a 3-year period receives estimated radiation doses that may put them at an increased risk for cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging in Hemodialysis Patients

Mauri¹,

Brambilla²,

Chiarinotti³

et al. 2011

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, medical personnel are more and more skeptical of LNT, since cells have repair mechanisms for damaged DNA. A study by Dr. Tubiana [81] and his team, published in the US National Institute of Health journal Radiology makes the case that below some specified level, increases in radiation have no adverse effects on humans. There is even a subculture, which believe that increases in low levels of radiation are beneficial to humans (Google Radiation hormesis), but this is obviously very speculative.…”

Section: Problems With Nuclear Energy: and Their Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion Breeding for Mid-Century Sustainable Power

Manheimer

2014

J Fusion Energ

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This article is an editorial, which makes the case that fusion breeding (that is using fusion neutrons to breed nuclear fuel for use in conventional nuclear reactors) is the best objective for the fusion program. To make the case, it reviews a great deal of plasma physics and fusion data. Fusion breeding could potentially play a key role in delivering large-scale sustainable carbon-free commercial power by mid-century. There is almost no chance that pure fusion can do that. The leading magnetic fusion concept, the tokamak, is subject to well-known constraints, which we have called conservative design rules, and review in this paper. These constraints will very likely prevent tokamaks from ever delivering economical pure fusion. Inertial fusion, in pure fusion mode, may ultimately be able to deliver commercial power, but the failure to date of the leading inertial fusion experiment, the National Ignition Campaign, shows that there are still large gaps in our understanding of laser fusion. Fusion breeding, based on either magnetic fusion or inertial fusion, greatly relaxes the requirements on the fusion reactor. It is also a much better fit to today's and tomorrow's nuclear infrastructure than is its competitor, fission breeding. This article also shows that the proposed fusion and fission infrastructure, 'The Energy Park', reviewed here, is sustainable, economically and environmentally sound, and poses little or no proliferation risk.

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“…Eksperimentinių ir epidemiologinių tyrimų duomenys dėl 10-100 mSv JS dozių karcinogeninio poveikio nevienareikšmiai, tačiau yra studijų, patvirtinančių padidėjusią vėžio riziką gavus 10-100 mSv JS dozę [17][18][19][20][21]. Kaip jau buvo minėta, tokios JS dozės gaunamos atliekant pilvo ar krūtinės KT kelių fazių tyrimus, intervencinės radiologijos ir kai kurias branduolinės medicinos procedūras.…”

Section: Vėžio Rizikaunclassified

Ką Turėtume Žinoti Apie Medicininę Apšvitą?

Zaveckienė¹,

Jurevičius²,

Burovienė³

et al. 2015

Medicinos Teorija Ir Praktika

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Darbo tikslas. Apžvelgti klinikinėje praktikoje gydytojams aktualią informaciją apie medicininę apšvitą ir jos poveikius bei praktines galimybes kontroliuoti diagnostinę apšvitą. Medžiaga ir metodai. Mokslinėse duomenų bazėse („PubMed“, „SienceDirect“ ir „EBSCO Publishing“) 2000–2015 metų skelbtų publikacijų apie jonizuojančios spinduliuotės poveikį, medicininę apšvitą ir diagnostinės apšvitos sukeliamą vėžio riziką apžvalga. Tarptautinio radiacinės saugos komiteto (TRSK) ir JAV Nacionalinės mokslų akademijos dokumentų apžvalga. Rezultatai ir išvados. Medicininė apšvita didėja dėl augančio rentgeno diagnostinių tyrimų skaičiaus. Didžiausią apšvitos dalį pacientai gauna atliekant kompiuterinės tomografijos tyrimus. Medicininė apšvita gali sukelti nulemtuosius ir atsitiktinius reiškinius. Publikuojami medicininės apšvitos sąlygoto vėžio rizikos tyrimų duomenys nėra vienareikšmiai. Nors vėžio rizika susijusi su gauta jonizuojančios spinduliuotės doze, bet kokio dydžio jonizuojančios spinduliuotės dozė vėžio riziką didina. Vaikų, jaunų asmenų, moterų, nėščiųjų ir genetinėmis ligomis sergančių pacientų jautrumas jonizuojančios spinduliuotės poveikiui yra didesnis. Atliekant su jonizuojančia spinduliuote susijusias diagnostines procedūras būtina remtis ALARA principais. Didžiausia radiologo įtaka mažinant diagnostinę apšvitą tiesiogiai susijusi su optimalių tyrimo protokolų sukūrimu ir pritaikymu.

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The Linear No-Threshold Relationship Is Inconsistent with Radiation Biologic and Experimental Data

Cited by 445 publications

References 156 publications

Estimated Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging in Hemodialysis Patients

Estimated Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging in Hemodialysis Patients

Fusion Breeding for Mid-Century Sustainable Power

Ką Turėtume Žinoti Apie Medicininę Apšvitą?

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