“…As a result, a significant number of investigations on doctoral education have fo-cused on finding ways to enhance doctorate students' persistence and engagement (e.g., Hoskins & Goldberg, 2005;Stubb, Pyhältö, & Lonka 2014Vekkaila et al, 2013. Among various predictors of students' persistence and engagement, the most common variable is motivation, which has been comprehensively investigated in a variety of educational contexts and has been consistently found associated with positive learning experiences (Orsini, Binnie, & Tricio, 2018), improved learning outcomes (Cerasoli & Ford, 2014), effort (Miller, Ramirez, & Murdock, 2017), engagement (Cheon, Reeve, & Song, 2016), student satisfaction (Wach, Karbach, Ruffing, Brünken, & Spinath, 2016) and enhanced well-being (Duineveld, Parker, Ryan, Ciarrochi, & Salmela-Aro, 2017). In-depth and focused studies exclusively on the role of motivation are not common in doctoral studies (Sverdlik, Hall, McAlpine, & Hubbard 2018), despite the critical role of motivation.…”