The Linkage of El Niño-induced Peat Fires and Its Relation to Current Haze Condition in Central Kalimantan

Yulianti, Nina; Kusin, Kitso; Naito, Daisuke; Kawasaki, Masahiro; Kozan, Osamu; Susatyo, Kurniawan Eko

doi:10.20527/jwem.v8i2.221

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The starting point of this research is the very severe forest-fire in 2015, although in 2018 it was also recorded as the top 10 fires in Central Kalimantan (Yulianti et al, 2019). Based on the results of the FGD and observations there are 3 (three) main causes of forest-fire clusters as listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Cluster Of Main Causesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preleminary Analysis of Cause-Effect on Forest-Peatland Fires Prior to 2020 in Central Kalimantan

Yulianti¹,

Kusin²,

Murni³

et al. 2020

EJES

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Central Kalimantan covers an area of 157,983 km2 with more than 2,000 km2 of tropical peatlands, which is one of the buffer regions of Indonesia's new capital government city. However, the sad story is the conversion of about one million hectares from peat swamp forests (PSF) to rice fields occurred in the mid-1990s, so called the Mega Rice Project (MRP). Since then, forest and peatland fires become an annual event due to high level of degradation under the climate change symptoms such the frequent of the El Niño event. In very strong El Niño of 2015, Indonesia has returned to the world spotlight in relation to the fires and the haze crisis. The most fire prone area was recorded in the iconic Tumbang Nusa, Pulang Pisau Regency and its adjecent areas. However, the thick haze had covered almost the entire province. There are the dis-adventages impact during more than two months. Therefore, this study was to investigate what are the causes and the impacts of this disaster at the site level. This research location was focuses on three regencies and one city namely Pulang Pisau, Kapuas, Katingan and Palangka City. The method was a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with key figures representing eight clusters of village communities. This method is also supported by statistical, hotspots and spatial data for additional analysis. The result are only two villages with very high average of hotspot and eight with high average of hotspots in Pulang Pisau and Kapuas Regency. Further, the FGDs in seven villages showed that there were three main clusters that caused forest-land fires, namely natural factors, human factors and village policy / regulation factors. The villages study that were affected by the fire in 2015 showed there were three main impacts namely on people, environment and capital. This result is a foundation of cause-effect factor for further Root Cause Analysis to find out the options for fire prevention and management in climate change mitigation efforts. Keywords: Climate Change; El-Niño; Fires; Focus Group Discussion; Peatland

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Section: Cluster Of Main Causesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preleminary Analysis of Cause-Effect on Forest-Peatland Fires Prior to 2020 in Central Kalimantan

Yulianti¹,

Kusin²,

Murni³

et al. 2020

EJES

Self Cite

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“…Extreme weather conditions caused by El Niño, which increases ocean temperatures in the Southern Ocean and this region typically experiences lower rainfall amount (negative anomaly). Then, the fires became noticeable in very strong El Nino in 1997/1998 [7] and recurrence in very strong El Nino in 2015/2016 [8]. Southeast Asia has seen an increase in fire frequency in recent years, particularly on the islands of Borneo and where agriculture and wood harvesting have increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Peatland Management Model-A Case of Kalampangan Village, Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Yulianti¹,

Adji²,

Susetyo³

et al. 2023

IJDNE

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18 kilometers from Palangka Raya City, the capital of Central Kalimantan, Borneo’s part of Indonesia, Kalampangan is populated by farming communities who primarily produce important tropical crops. This former transmigrant village was occupied in the early 1980s, is located on peatland with a depth of approximately 4 meters. Peat is a vulnerable, spongy and acid soils. Recently, pressure from regulation and market demands for low carbon products has forced some local farmers to stop burnt and over-drainage and adapt their agricultural practices to more sustainable practices. The adoption rate, however, is still low. This study identifies the challenges and efforts towards sustainable management in Kalampangan’s agricultural communities, based on the information collected during a field visit, soil sampling and the discussion sessions, held with the selective farming and its community. The roles of the stake-holder through transformative leadership were shown to be very important for the shift from conventional to environmentally-friendly practices.

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“…In 2015, for example, fires coincided with strong El-Nino have devastated 2.6 million ha peatland (World Bank, 2016). Peatland fires produced thick haze (Hayasaka and Sepriando, 2018;Hu et al, 2018;Yulianti et al, 2020), which caused health hazard (Sharma and Balasubramanian, 2018;Uda et al, 2019;Zaini et al, 2020) and disrupted both land and air transportation (Ismanto et al, 2019a(Ismanto et al, , 2019b, as well as economic loss for about USD 16 million (World Bank, 2016). To overcome the future risk of recurrent peat fires, Indonesian government established Peat Restoration Agency (now is BRGM) with a mandate to restore the degraded peatlands in Indonesia, including Jambi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Danger on Jambi Peatland Indonesia based on Weather Research and Forecasting Model

et al. 2022

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Monitoring drought related to peat fire danger is becoming essentials due to the adverse impacts of peat fires. However, the current monitoring is mostly based on station data and has not yet covered all parts of peatlands. This research was carried out to initiate a spatial monitoring for peat fire, particularly in Jambi province. Our approach was simple by integrating Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) output with a drought-fire model. This research aims to: (i) calibrate rainfall, air temperature and soil moisture data from WRF output; and (ii) analyze temporal drought related to fire danger. A drought-fire model known as Peat Fire Vulnerability Index was applied with daily inputs of WRF output at 5km resolution, which were comprised of rainfall, air temperature, and soil moisture. The results showed that calibration reduced rainfall magnitude, and slightly increased the maximum air temperature and soil moisture. The calibration performance was good as shown by a very low percent bias (less than ±5%), and lower error (RMSE=16.5; MAE=9.5). Our analysis showed that drought triggered by El Niño in 2015 had escalated extreme fire danger class by 38% compared to normal year (2018). This has been confirmed by a low variation of proportion of extreme class during July-August 2015. The results suggested that integrating spatial global climate data will benefit to the improved drought-fire model by providing spatial data. The results are expected to be a reference on drought and peat fires mitigation action.

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The Linkage of El Niño-induced Peat Fires and Its Relation to Current Haze Condition in Central Kalimantan

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Preleminary Analysis of Cause-Effect on Forest-Peatland Fires Prior to 2020 in Central Kalimantan

Preleminary Analysis of Cause-Effect on Forest-Peatland Fires Prior to 2020 in Central Kalimantan

Sustainable Peatland Management Model-A Case of Kalampangan Village, Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fire Danger on Jambi Peatland Indonesia based on Weather Research and Forecasting Model

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