The lipid composition of cell wall and plasma membrane of baker's yeast

Suomalainen, Heikki; Nurminen, T.

doi:10.1016/0009-3084(70)90026-5

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It was therefore of interest to compare the lipid composition of membranes obtained using microbeads with those reported for preparations obtained using alternative techniques. The proportions of phospholipid classes in plasma membranes were very similar to those discovered by Longley et al (1968), and Suomalainen & Nurminen (1970). Moreover, the changes that occurred in the overall fatty-acyl composition of plasma-membrane phospholipids as cultures progressed from the exponential to the stationary phase of growth were similar to those reported by Beavan et al (1982) for whole-cell phospholipids, suggesting that culture age has a similar effect on the degree of unsaturation of phospholipids in most types of yeast membrane.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Effect of Ethanol on Activity of the Plasma-membrane ATPase in, and Accumulation of Glycine by, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Fj²,

Ah³

1987

Microbiology

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The pH optimum of the ATPase activity in plasma membranes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 431 from 8 h cultures was around 6.5 and that in membranes from organisms from 16 h cultures near 6-0. The K,[ATP] of the enzyme was virtually unaffected by the age of the culture from which organisms were harvested, although the V,,, of the enzyme in membranes from organisms from 8 h cultures was higher than that for organisms from 16 h cultures. Ethanol noncompetitively inhibited ATPase activity in membranes, although the inhibition constant for the enzyme from organisms from 8 h cultures was lower than that from organisms from 16 h cultures. Glycine accumulation by the general amino acid permease was non-competitively inhibited by ethanol. Inhibition constants were virtually the same for glycine uptake by deenergized organisms from 8 h and 16 h cultures, but under energized conditions the value was greater for organisms from 16 h rather than 8 h cultures. The data indicate that inhibition of plasma-membrane ATPase activity by ethanol could account, at least in part, for inhibition of glycine accumulation by ethanol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Effect of Ethanol on Activity of the Plasma-membrane ATPase in, and Accumulation of Glycine by, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Fj²,

Ah³

1987

Microbiology

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“…There are several reports of lipids in yeasts showing that phospholipid and neutral lipid fractions derived from whole cells and/or protoplast membranes of C. albican? (10,29) and some other yeasts, such as C. utilis and S. cerevu 26,32), are characterized by the position in which several un chain members predominate, E acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, an On the basis of these data a] led to the conclusion that ofvari of cellular membranes of susce cells, phospholipids and triglyc siae (2, 7, 9, 18, (13 Tests with a series of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids revealed that long chain, unsaturated fatty acids of cis-configuration, e.g., palmitoleic acid and oleic acid, were effective in antagonism against the imidazole drugs to an extent much greater than that of the phospholipids or acylglycerides containing the corresponding fatty acid residues. It was also demonstrated that not only saturated fatty acid (with the only exception oflauric acid) but also unsaturated fatty acids of trans-configuration were all practically ineffective as antagonists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonistic Action of Lipid Components of Membranes from Candida albicans and Various Other Lipids on Two Imidazole Antimycotics, Clotrimazole and Miconazole

Yamaguchi

1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The growth-inhibitory activity of two imidazole antimycotics, clotrimazole and miconazole, against Candida albicans was significantly reversed when lipid extracts from protoplast membranes of the same organism were added to the assay medium together with the drugs. Of four major classes of lipids further separated from them, viz., phospholipids, triglycerides, sterol esters, and free sterols, the former two were capable of counteracting both drugs, whereas the latter two were not. However, even with phospholipids or triglycerides, no antagonism was noted when they were saturated by catalytic hydrogenation before use. The antagonistic effect of varying classes of commercial lipids, including phospholipids, acylglycerides, sterols, and fatty acids, was also studied by means of the agar diffusion technique. Significant antagonism to both drugs was observed with: (i) phospholipids with an unsaturated acyl group; (ii) acylglycerides, the ester portion of which consists of unsaturated fatty acid; (iii) ultraviolet-activated sterols; and (iv) unsaturated fatty acids of cis-configuration. By contrast, none of the saturated phospholipids and acylglycerides nor sterols was effective as an antagonist. With the exception only of lauric acid, all of a series of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated trans-fatty acids ranging from C8 to C18 in chain length were either minimally effective or completely ineffective. Essentially, there was no qualitative difference between clotrimazole and miconazole in the response to these various lipids.Both clotrimazole (Bay b 5097; bis-phenyl-[2-chloro-phenyl]-1-imidazolyl methane) and miconazole (R14889; 1-[2,4-dichloro-(t-[(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxylphenethyllimidazole nitrate) are promising imidazole antimycotics active against a''wide range of pathogenic fungi. Our previous studies showed that when Candida albicans cells were exposed to relatively high concentrations of clotrimazole, leakage of various types of small molecules was induced, such as K+, amino acids, inorganic phosphate, and nucleotides (19,20,21,34). As with clotrimazole, miconazole also has proved to cause loss of those cellular components from susceptible fungal cells (31). Our current interest is directed to understanding the details of the mechanism of action on membranes ofthese imidazole derivatives. There is a large number of antimicrobial agents which have been demonstrated to have a membrane-active property. However, in no case has the specific site or component in the susceptible membrane that can be involved in the binding and/or the action of a drug been clarified. The only exception is the case of polyene antibiotics which appear to interact preferentially with sterols existing in the membrane of susceptible organisms (24).Early evidence for the interaction between polyenes and sterols was provided by and Lampen et al. (25), who showed that growth-inhibitory and other actions of polyene antibiotics could be offset by sterols in the medium. Results have also been published which showed that certain types of pho...

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“…Several fungi produce extracellular lipases; in yeasts extracellular lipases appear to be restricted to anascosporogenous species (Hunter and Rose, 1971). Lipase activity in S. cerevisiae is associated with the plasma membrane isolated by enzymatic digestion of the cell wall (Nurminen and Suomalainen, 1970). Generally, lipases of fungal origin are relatively stable compared to pancreatic lipase and some are inducible.…”

Section: Lipasesmentioning

confidence: 99%