The Lived Experiences of Childrearing with Specific Focus on the Nurses on Three-shift Schedules

Development and Validation of an Instrument for Measuring Parenting Stress among Clinical Nurses

“…It showed similar results to a previous study in which married rotating shift nurses had higher lifeework conflict than nonshift nurses [35]. Japan has implemented various forms of work shifts, including day work without night overtimes, nighttime-only shifts, flex time (flexibility regarding when to start and finish work), and work sharing (multiple workers taking charge of one position) [1]. Such systems with various forms of work shifts are lacking in Korea, as Korean policies mainly focus on women in full-time jobs or working standard hours, highlighting the requirement to implement alternative shift forms for rotating shift workers.…”

“…Finally, the PSS for clinical nurses contained 19 items in four factors: "psychological burden," "physical and mental fatigue," "work shift," and "work environment." Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale from "strongly disagree" (1) to "strongly agree" (4), with a higher mean score for each factor indicating a higher level of parenting stress among clinical nurses. The PSS for clinical nurses developed in this study can be beneficial for assessing the level of parenting stress among clinical nurses who raise preschool-aged children, considering different aspects of stress.…”

“…According to the Survey of Inactive Nurses by the Korean Nurses Association, women's life events such as marriage, pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing are important factors contributing to career disruption among nurses [1]. In a study analyzing the relationship between gender role values, the labor market structure, and the birth rate in 24 countries using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and World Values Survey data, Brinton and Lee [2] classified South Korea as a country that accepts women's economic participation but still holds traditional gender role values.…”

“…In research related to parenting by clinical nurses, clinical nurses reported feeling "guilt for not fulfilling their duties as mothers"; particularly, they felt heartbroken for not having enough time to care for their children and felt that all the problems with their children were their fault [1]. Another study found that nurses have difficulties in terms of spending time with their children, as they cannot routinely engage in activities with them because of irregular daily patterns of shift work and have trouble focusing on their children as they feel pressured to sleep early to work an early morning shift the next day [7].…”