The local agenda 21 issue commission in bath and North‐East Somerset: Review of a community consultation exercise towards sustainability

Consensus or Conflict? Experiences with Local Agenda 21 Forums in Norway

“…The experiences of the two Norwegian cases seem to match those discussed by Rowe (2000) and Brugman (2000). The Bath and North-East Somerset study stated explicitly that the process was time consuming.…”

The Lifecycle of a Voluntary Policy Innovation: The Case of Local Agenda 21

“…Most notably, the results of Rio+20 expressed in the outcome document titled 'The Future We Want' (United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, 2012) contain no clear reference to LA21. It has also been reported by several authors that 'LA21' as a label has been losing momentum, at least in the UK (Rowe, 2000;Selman, 2000), Sweden (Eckerberg & Dalgren, 2007cited in Echebarria et al, 2009Keskitalo & Liljenfeldt, 2012) and Germany (Geissel, 2009;Kern et al, 2007).…”

“…Several authors have identified a number of variables that influence LA21 diffusion: national GDP and level of citizen trust within a country (Owen & Videras, 2008); governance style (Evans et al, 2006;Gomila, 2000a;Kern et al, 2007;Lafferty, 2001;Llamas-Sanchez et al, 2011); social and environmental experience and culture (Eckerberg & Forsberg, 1998;Gram-Hanssen, 2000;Joas & Gronholm, 2004;Jorby, 2002;Lafferty, 2001;Owen & Videras, 2008;Schmidt, Nave, & Guerra, 2006); existence of policy networks (Echebarria et al, 2009;Joas & Gronholm, 2001;Lafferty, 2001;Rowe, 2000); existence of agenda transfer agencies (Fidelis & Pires, 2009;Kern et al, 2007) and development of co-creation in networks (Barrutia & Echebarria, 2011).…”

“…and Kern, Koll, & Schophaus (2007) What happens after this point varies according to the innovations' own sustainability (Rogers, 1983). LA21 has been discontinued due to replacement in, for instance, the UK, where Sustainable Community Strategies took over (Fidelis & Pires, 2009;Lucas, Ross, & Fuller, 2001;Rowe, 2000;Selman, 2000) and Sweden, where Climate Change Adaptation Plans were adopted (Nilsson, Swartling, & Eckerberg, 2012). Discontinuance may also occur through disenchantment, as was the case in Bergen, Norway (Harvold, 2003), among others.…”

“…Our research suggests only 32 of all 144 (22%) municipal LA21 are currently active, i.e., have real up-to-date Internet existence. In Great Britain, on the other hand, even though over 90% of LG saw LA21 as worthy, only about one third had firmly and durably embraced it (Tuxworth, 1996 cited in Rowe, 2000).…”