The location of Oort Cloud comets C/2011 L4 Panstarrs and C/2012 S1 ISON on a comet evolutionary diagram

Ferrin, Ignacio

doi:10.1093/mnras/stu820

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Furthermore, 19P/Borrelly has a QH 2 O approximately a factor of 2 greater than C/1997 T1 (Utsunomiya) at a similar observed r h (Mäkinen et al 2001;Combi et al 2011a). Although no definite rn for C/1997 T1 (Utsunomiya) has been calculated, an upper limit of 5.8 km has been determined (Fernandez 1999), whereas 19P/Borrelly has a rn of 1.9 km (Lowry, Fitzsimmons & Collander-Brown 2003). If the rn of C/1997 T1 (Utsunomiya) is equal or greater to that of 19P/Borrelly then comet family might not influence QH 2 O, however if the nucleus radius of the Oort-cloud comet is much lower than 1.9 km then there would be more evidence that comet family affects QH 2 O.…”

Section: Water Production Rate Variationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Herschel/SPIRE observations of water production rates and ortho-to-para ratios in comets

Wilson

Rawlings

Swinyard

2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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This paper presents Herschel/SPIRE spectroscopic observations of several fundamental rotational ortho-and para-water transitions seen in three Jupiter-family comets and one Oort-cloud comet. Radiative transfer models that include excitation by collisions with neutrals and electrons, and by solar infrared radiation were used to produce synthetic emission line profiles originating in the cometary coma. Ortho-to-para ratios (OPRs) were determined and used to derived water production rates for all comets. Comparisons are made with the water production rates derived using an OPR of 3.The OPR of three of the comets in this study are much lower than the statistical equilibrium value of 3, however they agree with observations of comets 1P/Halley and C/2001 A2 (LINEAR), and the protoplanetary disc TW Hydrae. These results provide evidence suggesting that OPR variation is caused by post-sublimation gas-phase nuclear-spin conversion processes. The water production rates of all comets agree with previous work and, in general, decrease with increasing nucleocentric offset. This could be due to a temperature profile, additional water source, or OPR variation in the comae, or model inaccuracies.

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Section: Water Production Rate Variationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Herschel/SPIRE observations of water production rates and ortho-to-para ratios in comets

Wilson

Rawlings

Swinyard

2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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“…Only an isolated set of three astrometric positions was obtained after perihelion on a single night at the Observatoire de Dax (Code 958), which were not included by Nakano in his orbital solution. Ferrín (2014) reported that the comet's light curve had features typical for the disintegrating comets. Kammerer (footnote 4) pointed out that the comet could not be detected visually after perihelion.…”

Section: Oort Cloud Cometsmentioning

confidence: 99%

1I/`Oumuamua and the Problem of Survival of Oort Cloud Comets Near the Sun

Sekanina

2019

Preprint

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A 2000-2017 set of long-period comets with high-quality orbits of perihelion distance <1 AU is used to show that the objects that perish shortly before perihelion are nearly exclusively the Oort Cloud members, especially those with perihelia within 0.6 AU of the Sun, intrinsically fainter, and dust poor. Their propensity for disintegration is much higher than predicted by Bortle's perihelion survival rule, prompting the author to propose a new synoptic index to be tested in future prognostication efforts. By their susceptibility to demise near the Sun, the nuclei of Oort Cloud comets differ dramatically from the nuclei of other long-period comets that almost always survive. In this scenario, 'Oumuamua -discovered after perihelion -is in all probability a major piece of debris of an interstellar comet that was bound to perish near perihelion if it was similar to, though much fainter than, the known Oort Cloud comets. The nondetection of 'Oumuamua by the Spitzer Space Telescope is compatible with optical data for pancake shape, but not for cigar shape, with the maximum dimension not exceeding 160 m (at an 0.1 albedo). Although the solar radiation pressure induced nongravitational acceleration requires very high porosity, 'Oumuamua's estimated mass is orders of magnitude greater than for a cloud of unbound submicron-sized dust grains of equal cross section. The acceleration could have displaced 'Oumuamua by 250 000 km in 50 days, scattering other potential debris over a large volume of space.

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“…The colour values derived above are plotted in Figures 20 and 21, and lie among other comets. Ferrín (2014) defined age of a comet using as a proxy the inverse of the total mass loss per orbit. Using this definition the mass-loss-age for comet 9P/Tempel 1 and 162173 are 28 and ~4040 cy (comet years).…”

Section: Our Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recurrent activity at different returns is currently considered the most reliable indicator of sublimation driven activity (Hsieh et al, 2015). (Ferrín, 2014). For the asteroids ASEC was converted from R=q to R=1 AU before plotting.…”

Section: Jasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular light curves of NEAs 2201 Oljato, 3200 Phaethon, 99942 Apophis, 162173 Ryugu, 495848 and 6063 Jason

Ferrin

Arcila

Saldarriaga

2018

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Using the Secular Light Curve (SLC) formalism (Ferrín, 2010a; PSS, 58, 365-391), we searched for cometary activity of six NEAS: 2201 Oljato. The SLC exhibits significant cometary activity and evidence of an eclipse. 3200 Phaethon. Is the parent of the Geminid meteor stream and exhibited a faint tail at perihelion in several oppositions. The SLC fails to show cometary activity using a 1995 to 2017 data set, suggesting that we are in the presence of a dormant cometary nucleus. 99942 Apophis. This SLC does not shows evidence of cometary activity, however it shows evidence of an eclipse. The evidence of a double nature is confirmed with Goldstone and Arecibo radar observations. 162173 Ryugu. This NEA is the target of the Hayabusa 2 spacecraft mission. The SLC exhibits an enhancement consistent with cometary activity. It may be possible to confirm or deny this activity by the end of the mission. 495848= 2002 QD7. This NEA shows deviations from a flat distribution near perihelion in 2007 and 2017. However our own observations in 2018 show a bare nucleus, from which we obtain an absolute nuclear magnitude mV(nucleus) = 18.32±0.03 (using pV=0.04). The equivalent diameter is D=1.43±0.10 km. 6063 Jason. The SLC of this NEA exhibits low level cometary activity centred at perihelion. The fact that a cursory search for low level active comets among NEAs has uncovered four positive objects out of 6, hints that many more faint comets should exist as yet undetected.

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The location of Oort Cloud comets C/2011 L4 Panstarrs and C/2012 S1 ISON on a comet evolutionary diagram

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Herschel/SPIRE observations of water production rates and ortho-to-para ratios in comets

Herschel/SPIRE observations of water production rates and ortho-to-para ratios in comets

1I/`Oumuamua and the Problem of Survival of Oort Cloud Comets Near the Sun

Secular light curves of NEAs 2201 Oljato, 3200 Phaethon, 99942 Apophis, 162173 Ryugu, 495848 and 6063 Jason

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