The Long Green Revolution

Patel, Raj

doi:10.1080/03066150.2012.719224

Cited by 522 publications

(297 citation statements)

References 154 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

275

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is of particular relevance to agro-ecologists who note that smallholder farmers therefore became more dependent on fertilizer, pesticides and other inputs (Holt-Giménez and Altieri 2013). For example, GR supported the rise of many agrochemical, pharmaceutical and food multinationals in the United States and Europe, which many farms across Asia and Africa heavily depended on for farm inputs (Patel 2013).…”

Section: The Residual Effects Of the First Green Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of political ecology perspectives for smallholder Climate-Smart Agriculture: a review

Chandra

McNamara

Dargusch

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate-smart agriculture has emerged as a way of increasing food productivity, building resiliency to climate change and reducing carbon emissions. Despite rapid technical advances, research on climate-smart agriculture has arguably under-theorized the socio-political processes that continue to marginalize vulnerable groups such as smallholder farmers. This review discusses the potential usefulness of political ecology perspectives for improving climate-smart agriculture. Political ecology theory elucidates how three interrelated socio-political processes that perpetuate smallholder farmer vulnerability significantly influence climate-smart responses: inequality, unequal power relations and social injustice. The article discusses these three inter-connected political ecology factors using a number of examples from the Green Revolution, smallholder farming communities, and indigenous farmers. In comparison to conventional technical approaches, our article argues that Climate-Smart Agriculture needs to consider political ecology perspectives at different levels to explore the vulnerability of smallholder farmers to current and future climate change impacts. Interventions to support climate-smart agriculture should examine local risks, specificities and priorities of smallholder farmers. The article concludes with a renewed call for concepts of inequality, unequal power relations and social injustice to be embedded into both the policy and practice of climate smart agriculture. Keywords: climate-smart agriculture, equality, political ecology, power, smallholder, social justice Résumé L'agriculture intelligente face au climat (Climate-Smart Agriculture) est apparue comme un moyen d'accroître la productivité alimentaire, de renforcer la résilience aux changements climatiques et de réduire les émissions de carbone. Malgré les progrès techniques rapides, la recherche sur l'agriculture intelligente au climat a sans doute sous-théorisé les processus sociopolitiques qui continuent à marginaliser les groupes vulnérables tels que les petits agriculteurs. Cet examen traite de l'utilité potentielle des perspectives de «l'écologie politique» pour améliorer l'agriculture intelligente au climat. La théorie de l'écologie politique élucide comment trois processus socio-politiques interdépendants, qui perpétuent la vulnérabilité des petits agriculteurs, influent sur les réponses intelligentes au climat: inégalités, rapports de pouvoir inégaux et injustice sociale. Cet article traite de ces trois facteurs interconnectés en utilisant un certain nombre d'exemples de la «Révolution verte», des petites communautés agricoles et des agriculteurs indigènes. Par rapport aux approches techniques conventionnelles, notre article soutient que l'agriculture intelligente face au climat doit considérer les perspectives d'écologie politique à différents niveaux pour explorer la vulnérabilité des petits exploitants aux impacts actuels et futurs des changements climatiques. Les interventions pour soutenir l'agriculture intelligente au climat...

show abstract

Section: The Residual Effects Of the First Green Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of political ecology perspectives for smallholder Climate-Smart Agriculture: a review

Chandra

McNamara

Dargusch

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This biopolitical management of hunger seems to overwhelm the notion of using 'nutrition' in ways other than those conforming to the New Alliance's mode of governance. It is in this sense that the New Alliance's concern with nutrition places it in a trajectory of a Long Green Revolution (Patel 2013). …”

Section: Dividends From Comparing the New Alliance With Recipe Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the original Green Revolution, silos, agricultural research and fertilizer distribution were often the domain of the public sector, as were the subsidies and public infrastructure necessary to sustain grain storage, marketing and agricultural extension (Perkins 1997;Ross 1998;Cullather 2010;Patel 2013). Silos have been built, seeds developed and fertilizers used in the past without multinational corporations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cook, eat, man, woman: understanding the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, nutritionism and its alternatives from Malawi

Patel¹,

Kerr²,

Shumba³

et al. 2014

The Journal of Peasant Studies

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…From another angle, modern urbanism has grown via an extractive relationship with the countryside, colonised by industrial technologies involving 'biophysical override' as modern agriculture has required commercial inputs to substitute for displaced ecological processes (Weis, 2007). The Green Revolution is a paradigmatic example of urban extraction insofar as it introduces external technologies to amplify delivery of staple crops to urban residents, displacing local rural (leafy green-based) diets, privileging larger farmers, introducing herbicides and pesticides and undermining the ecological base in the long run (Patel, 2013).…”

Section: 'Urban Bias' Theory/hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the model of industrial agriculture has since been exported to post-colonial regions in the form of Green Revolution technologies (Patel, 2013), universalising urbanism as the desired or naturalised end point of an international 'development project' (McMichael, 1996). In the post-World War II development era, this outcome gave rise to the concept of 'urban bias' (Lipton, 1977), which focused on the political privileging of cities over the countryside.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the ‘Urban Bias’ and its Relationship to Food Security

Dixon¹,

McMichael²

2017

Health of People, Places and Planet: Reflections Based on Tony McMichael’s Four Decades of Contribution to Epidemiological Unde

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accentuating both damaging environmental change and food insecurity, we focus on the dynamics between national development policies and food systems. Using Lipton's 'urban bias' hypothesis, we position citizen-consumers as a pre-eminent socio-political force facilitated by the urban-rural power relations underpinning the food system. Urban consumers particularly benefit from industrial food systems through cheap food and from cheap manufacturing and service sector labour, released as rural populations become marginal to agricultural productivity gains. Consequently, many cities overflow with redundant workers, while rural areas contain impoverished, insecure agrarian populations often tied to global supermarket supply chains. For these populations, food security can be elusive. While Lipton's argument applied to three and more decades ago, his hypothesis that policies favour urban populations when policies pursuing economic growth are based on a presumed 'natural' coupling between rural outmigration and urban manufacturing jobs could apply more contemporaneously. We apply key urban bias concepts to the unfolding of events in Thailand, detecting conditional support for the hypothesis. We conclude by canvassing food system actions to counter the urban bias with a more ecological view of urban-rural interdependencies linked to sustainable food production and consumption.

show abstract

The Long Green Revolution

Cited by 522 publications

References 154 publications

The relevance of political ecology perspectives for smallholder Climate-Smart Agriculture: a review

The relevance of political ecology perspectives for smallholder Climate-Smart Agriculture: a review

Cook, eat, man, woman: understanding the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, nutritionism and its alternatives from Malawi

Revisiting the ‘Urban Bias’ and its Relationship to Food Security

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About