The Long, ‘Last Step’? Reintegration of Repatriates in Eritrea

Bascom, Johnathan

doi:10.1093/refuge/fei019

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is acknowledged that 'home' has multiple meanings (Bascom 2005, Black, 2002, Mallett, 2004, McMichel, 2002.…”

Section: Integration and Returnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Towards the end of the 1990s, the idea that return was the completion of the cycle whereby the refugee could be restored to the pre-exilic circumstances back 'home' was questioned (Black and Koser 1999). Research with refugees who had gone 'home' highlighted the complexity of their experience characterised by economic, psychological and social difficulties (Bascom 2005, Eastmond and Öjendal 1999, Ghanem 2003, Majodina 1995.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Back Home? Refugees' Experiences of their First Visit back to their Country of Origin

Muggeridge

Doná

2006

Journal of Refugee Studies

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“…It is acknowledged that 'home' has multiple meanings (Bascom 2005, Black, 2002, Mallett, 2004, McMichel, 2002.…”

Section: Integration and Returnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back Home? Refugees' Experiences of their First Visit back to their Country of Origin

Muggeridge

Doná

2006

Journal of Refugee Studies

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“…The ability of former refugees or IDPs to acquire assets, to obtain financial resources, to find employment, and to being able to rely on social support are all factors that determine a successful reintegration. However, countries recovering from conflict are frequently politically unstable and impoverished, offering few opportunities for returnees to re‐establish their livelihoods (Bascom, ; Chimni, ; Crisp, ). Particularly, the restitution of property in the form of housing and land has been identified as a crucial element of the reintegration process in several countries including Afghanistan (Mac Donald, ; Özerdem & Sofizada, ), Sudan (Pantuliano, Buchanan‐Smith, Murphy, & Mosel, ), Uganda, Bosnia‐Herzegovina (Williams, ), Angola (Kaun, ), and Burundi (Fransen, ; Bunte & Monnier, ; Rema Ministries, ).…”

Section: Constituents Of Reintegrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, returnees may be positively received by community members. In Eritrea, for example, experiences of conflict had created a shared identity, in addition to already existing ties of kinship and ethnicity, which facilitated the reintegration of returnees (Bascom, ). In other cases, tensions may arise due to grievance or competition over scarce resources (see, e.g., Musahara & Huggins, , for a study on Rwanda).…”

Section: Constituents Of Reintegrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who reintegrates? The constituents of reintegration of displaced populations

Fransen

Bilgili

2018

Population Space and Place

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The reintegration constituents of displaced populations are understudied, despite increased attention being paid to return and reintegration outcomes. In this paper, we explore how various factors related to the migration cycle, including returnees' displacement experiences and return conditions, are associated with reintegration outcomes. For this aim, we take a multidimensional approach to the measurement of reintegration. In addition to objective reintegration outcomes, measured by food security, we address subjective assessments such as feelings of reintegration. We focus on the unique case of returnees in Burundi and make use of a database consisting of a sample of 189 former internally displaced persons (IDPs) and 194 former refugees, which allows for a comparison of the reintegration of these two groups. The analyses highlight that objective and subjective reintegration do not necessarily align and that displacement experiences and return conditions relate to reintegration outcomes in different ways. Land and livestock ownership upon return are for example positively correlated with feelings of reintegration and subjective wealth, whereas community support is crucial to cope with food security. Moreover, we show considerable variation in reintegration outcomes between refugees and IDPs, with refugees showing more positive outcomes when individual characteristics are controlled for. This result calls for more in‐depth research on the contextual and structural factors that elucidate the variation across groups going beyond individual level explanations. Overall, the findings emphasise the diversity in reintegration outcomes and identify the role of experiences during displacement and return conditions for the reintegration of refugees and IDPs.

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“…A number of studies have emphasized the social, psychological, economic and political complexities of return visits and repatriation among refugees (Barnes 2001;Bascom 2005;Carruthers 2002;Farwell 2001;Muggeridge and Doná 2006;Oxfeld and Long 2004). From the few that have focused on the return visits (as opposed to the repatriation) of resettled refugees (Barnes 2001;Muggeridge and Doná 2006), it is clear that return visits and repatriation rarely represent a homecoming to a site of belonging.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Return visits and belonging to countries of origin among young people from refugee backgrounds

et al. 2016

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In this article, we explore the return visits of resettled young people from refugee backgrounds to their personal and/or ancestral countries of origin. We draw on qualitative data from a longitudinal study of people who fled their country of origin at an early age, many of whom were born or lived for protracted periods in countries of asylum, and resettled in Australia. We demonstrate that return visits are not simply a homecoming; the young people's narratives reflect ambivalent relationships to the homeland experienced across multiple domains of belonging. Accounts of return visits refer to three core domains of belonging – practical national belonging, family connection, and attachment to material places. We argue that a return visit gives these youths a valued opportunity to negotiate and develop their homeland connections, though not necessarily an unambiguous opportunity to belong.

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The Long, ‘Last Step’? Reintegration of Repatriates in Eritrea

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Back Home? Refugees' Experiences of their First Visit back to their Country of Origin

Back Home? Refugees' Experiences of their First Visit back to their Country of Origin

Who reintegrates? The constituents of reintegration of displaced populations

Return visits and belonging to countries of origin among young people from refugee backgrounds

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