The Long-Run Effects of California’s Paid Family Leave Act on Women’s Careers and Childbearing: New Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design and U.S. Tax Data

Bailey, Martha J.; Byker, Tanya; Patel, Elena; Ramnath, Shanthi

doi:10.3386/w26416

Cited by 48 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Baum and Ruhm (2016) find that California's PFL raised employment of mothers by about 23% 1 year after childbirth, and increased work during the child's second year of life by 11%. In contrast, Das and Polachek (2015) and Bailey et al (2019) find that the policy had negative of zero effects on employment.…”

Section: Parental Leave and Food Insecuritymentioning

confidence: 86%

The effects of paid family leave on food insecurity—evidence from California

Lenhart

2021

Rev Econ Household

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This study examines the relationship between the 2004 introduction of California’s paid family leave (PFL) program on food security. While previous work has shown that PFL laws affect employment, poverty and health, there is no evidence so far whether such policies affect food security levels of families after the birth of a child. Estimating difference-in-differences (DD) and triple difference (DDD) models, this is the first study to evaluate potential effects on food security, which could be a potential mechanism explaining improvements in health outcomes for both infants and mothers found in previous studies. My analysis shows that California’s PFL implementation reduced the incidence of very low household food security by 2.29 (DD) and 1.98 percentage points (DDD) in the year following a birth. I find that the effects are driven improvements in food security among children who are 1.41 percentage points less likely to be food insecure after the PFL introduction. Subgroup analysis shows that the effects are largest for low-income households, a group that has been shown to highly value PFL benefits, as well as for families with more than one child.

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Section: Parental Leave and Food Insecuritymentioning

confidence: 86%

The effects of paid family leave on food insecurity—evidence from California

Lenhart

2021

Rev Econ Household

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“…They may contribute to discrimination against all women of childbearing age, given the likelihood of time out of work (Correll et al 2007; but see Mun and Jung 2018). Data on state-level leave policies in the United States, where leave-taking is uncommon and short, show that paid leave laws increase mothers’ labor force attachment and wages following birth (Byker 2016; Rossin-Slater, Ruhm, and Waldfogel 2013; but see Bailey et al 2019).…”

Section: Couple Dynamics In Work-family Policy Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

His and Her Earnings Following Parenthood in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom

2020

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This article advances a couple-level framework to examine how parenthood shapes within-family gender inequality by education in three countries that vary in their normative and policy context: the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. We trace mothers’ share of couple earnings and variation by her education in the 10-year window around first birth, using long-running harmonized panel surveys from the 1990s and 2000s ( N = 4,117 couples and 28,488 couple-years) and an event study methodology that leverages within-couple variation in earnings pre- and post-birth. Our results show steep declines in her share of couple earnings following first birth across the three countries that persist over several years of follow-up. Declines are smallest in the United States, due to U.S. mothers’ higher employment and longer work hours. Declines are also smaller among female partners without a college degree in the United States, where mothers have less work-family support and fewer options to manage work and family on one income. Results shed light on how parenthood plays into gender inequality within couples, and how country context shapes couple dynamics and inequality across households.

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“…Autor et al, 2008;Song et al, 2019) and parental leave (cf. Ruhm, 1998;Bartel et al, 2018;Campbell et al, 2019;Bailey et al, 2019) as well as the research on optimal social insurance (cf. Chetty and Finkelstein, 2013;Hendren, 2017;Kolsrud et al, 2018) and employer mandates (Summers, 1989;Gruber, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandated Sick Pay: Coverage, Utilization, and Crowding-In

Maclean¹,

Pichler²,

Ziebarth³

2020

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Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world's largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.

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The Long-Run Effects of California’s Paid Family Leave Act on Women’s Careers and Childbearing: New Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design and U.S. Tax Data

Abstract: NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

The effects of paid family leave on food insecurity—evidence from California

The effects of paid family leave on food insecurity—evidence from California

His and Her Earnings Following Parenthood in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom

Mandated Sick Pay: Coverage, Utilization, and Crowding-In

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