The Long Run Evolution of Absolute Intergenerational Mobility

Berman, Yonatan

doi:10.31235/osf.io/rd7xf

Cited by 15 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It eliminates the need for detailed panel data or synthetic matching approaches. Unlike absolute intergenerational mobility, which is found as insensitive to the copula (Berman, 2018), we find that absolute mobility is very sensitive to changes in the copula when there is very little relative mobility. Our methodology also allows overcoming limitations related to the nature of the available data.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inclusive Growth and Absolute Intragenerational Mobility in the United States, 1962-2014

Berman

2018

SSRN Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper combines historical cross-sectional and longitudinal income and wealth data in the United States to present the evolution of absolute intragenerational mobility from the 1960s onward. That is, the fraction of families with higher income or wealth over a given period. We find that the rates of absolute mobility over periods of two to four years are largely confined within 45%-55%. This occurs over all the phases of the business cycle. Absolute mobility is higher for lower percentiles, also during periods of increasing inequality. These results stem from the importance of the changes in the composition of income and wealth percentiles even over short time periods. We offer a simplified model to mathematically describe these findings.

show abstract

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…They found that it has fallen from around 90% for children born in 1940 to 50% for children born in the 1980s. Berman (2018) showed a similar trend in other countries, also establishing the robustness of the estimation methodology of absolute mobility.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Inclusive Growth and Absolute Intragenerational Mobility in the United States, 1962-2014

Berman

2018

SSRN Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some participants we considered to have stationary high SES might have experienced lower SES between these time points. Data showing that social mobility is limited suggest that participants who reported high childhood and high current SES are more likely to have experienced high SES between these time points rather than a drop in their SES (Berman, 2019; Chetty et al, 2017). Moreover, if the standing of participants who we considered to be stationary high SES actually changed during their lifetime, they should still be more stationary than those who reported low SES during their childhood, currently, or both.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rates of intergenerational social mobility are declining in many countries (Berman, 2019; Chetty et al, 2017), such that those born into high socioeconomic status (SES) households are increasingly likely to maintain that standing in adulthood, whereas those born into less privileged circumstances are becoming less likely to achieve high SES. It is, therefore, important to understand the psychological effects of entrenched socioeconomic privilege.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychology of Entrenched Privilege: High Socioeconomic Status Individuals From Affluent Backgrounds Are Uniquely High in Entitlement

Côté

Stellar

Willer

et al. 2020

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As rates of intergenerational social mobility decline, it is increasingly important to understand the psychological consequences of entrenched socioeconomic privilege. Here, we explore whether current and childhood socioeconomic status (SES) are interactively related to entitlement, such that among currently high SES individuals, those from affluent backgrounds are likely to feel uniquely high levels of entitlement, whereas currently low SES individuals feel low entitlement regardless of their backgrounds. A meta-analysis of four exploratory studies (total N = 3,105) found that currently high SES individuals who were also raised in high SES households were especially inclined to report feeling entitled, a pattern that was robust across three indicators of SES: income, education, and subjective SES. Results of a preregistered, confirmatory study ( N = 1,058) replicated this interactive pattern for education and subjective SES, though not for income. Our findings highlight the importance of considering current and childhood SES jointly to understand the psychological consequences of SES.

show abstract

“…Based on far more birth cohorts and much longer observational windows of income than previous studies, we can investigate how genetic and environmental factors change in relation to lifetime income throughout rapid societal changes in gender equality. Norway makes a particularly compelling case as it's one of the most gender-equal countries in the world (UNDP 2018), as well as being characterized by comparatively low income inequality (Modalsli, Aaberge, and Atkinson 2017) and high social mobility (Berman 2018). Our findings based on genetically sensitive variance decompositions show that as the gender income gap decreases, the heritability of lifetime income increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender, Genes, and Income: How Equality of Opportunity Changed in Norway Across the 20th Century

Isungset¹,

Baier²,

Lyngstad³

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the twentieth century, the gender gap in income has decreased dramatically. We study whether the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences for lifetime income changed as gender equalization took place. We use data on 11,677 twin pairs from Norway born 1915-1991, linked with individual-level administrative data on the full population's incomes in the period 1967-2016. Our results based on genetically sensitive variance decompositions shows that as social constraints inhibiting women from earning income waned over the century, the heritability of lifetime income increased over birth cohorts. Genetic influences matter more for men than for women, and non-shared environmental influences matter more for women than for men. This indicates that women still face structural constraints to a larger degree than men. Even in a welfare state like Norway where gender equality has been a political goal since the 1950s, equalization, as measured by the heritability of lifetime income, did not manifest itself to a high degree until the latest cohorts were established in the workforce (1981-1991). Our study shows the importance of considering historical developments of ascribed statuses such as gender when investigating genetic influences, and that genetics can serve as a prism through which to study social change.

show abstract

The Long Run Evolution of Absolute Intergenerational Mobility

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Inclusive Growth and Absolute Intragenerational Mobility in the United States, 1962-2014

Inclusive Growth and Absolute Intragenerational Mobility in the United States, 1962-2014

The Psychology of Entrenched Privilege: High Socioeconomic Status Individuals From Affluent Backgrounds Are Uniquely High in Entitlement

Gender, Genes, and Income: How Equality of Opportunity Changed in Norway Across the 20th Century

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About