“…Firms that had to roll over a signicant amount of debt during the crisis (e.g. Almeida, Campello, Laranjeira, and Weisbenner, 2012;Wix, 2017;Duval, Hong, and Timmer, 2019) or that faced bigger debt overhang problems (Kalemli-Ozcan, Laeven, and Moreno, 2018) were much more aected by the crisis than others.…”