The long-term impact of the earthquake on substance use

Amiri, Hadis; Riyahifar, Sevda; Nakhaee, Nouzar; Nekoei-Moghadam, Mahmoud

doi:10.1186/s12245-022-00449-x

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…About 200 million people are annually exposed to disasters worldwide, according to the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters [1]. Definitions of disasters have varied in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Reactions after Disasters

Amiri,

Jahanitabesh

2023

Natural Hazards - New Insights

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As the world’s population increases and resources are limited, societies become increasingly vulnerable to disasters. Regardless of the objective destructive effects, the psychosocial effects and consequences of natural disasters are quite clear in humans. Natural disasters exert different psychological effects on the exposed people, including but not limited to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and suicide. Yet, disasters can cause positive reactions. For example, through post-traumatic growth, one takes new meaning from his or her trauma and resumes living in a way completely different from their life prior to the trauma. Additionally, many people display remarkable resilience in the wake of the disasters they struggled with. Many factors such as disaster type, level of destruction, duration of disasters, timing (time of day, day of week, season) also individual indicators such as age, gender, marital status, education, pre-disaster mental health, social and economic status, and resilience are affecting the consequences of disasters. Given the many studies that focus on post-disaster psychological outcomes, in this chapter, we not only describe outcomes but also discuss psychosocial support in disasters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Reactions after Disasters

Amiri,

Jahanitabesh

2023

Natural Hazards - New Insights

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A meta-analysis on treatment efficacy of psychological interventions for mental disorders in individuals exposed to natural disasters

Kip,

Brouër,

Morina

2024

Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology

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Prevalence of mental disorders in adult populations from the Global South following exposure to natural hazards: a meta-analysis

Kip,

Valencia,

Glunz

et al. 2024

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Although natural hazards (e.g., tropical cyclones, earthquakes) disproportionately affect developing countries, most research on their mental health impact has been conducted in high-income countries. We aimed to summarize prevalences of mental disorders in Global South populations (classified according to the United Nations Human Development Index) affected by natural hazards. Methods To identify eligible studies for this meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science up to February 13, 2024, for observational studies with a cross-sectional or longitudinal design that reported on at least 100 adult survivors of natural hazards in a Global South population and assessed mental disorders with a validated instrument at least 1 month after onset of the hazard. Main outcomes were the short- and long-term prevalence estimates of mental disorders. The project was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023396622). Results We included 77 reports of 75 cross-sectional studies (six included a non-exposed control group) comprising 82,400 individuals. We found high prevalence estimates for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population (26.0% [95% CI 18.5–36.3]; I2 = 99.0%) and depression (21.7% [95% CI 10.5–39.6]; I2 = 99.2%) during the first year following the event, with similar prevalences observed thereafter (i.e., 26.0% and 23.4%, respectively). Results were similar for regions with vs. without recent armed conflict. In displaced samples, the estimated prevalence for PTSD was 46.5% (95% CI 39.0–54.2; k = 6; I2 = 93.3). We furthermore found higher symptom severity in exposed, versus unexposed, individuals. Data on other disorders were scarce, apart from short-term prevalence estimates of generalised anxiety disorder (15.9% [95% CI 4.7–42.0]; I2 = 99.4). Conclusions Global South populations exposed to natural hazards report a substantial burden of mental disease. These findings require further attention and action in terms of implementation of mental health policies and low-threshold interventions in the Global South in the aftermath of natural hazards. However, to accurately quantify the true extent of this public health challenge, we need more rigorous, well-designed epidemiological studies across diverse regions. This will enable informed decision making and resource allocation for those in need.

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The long-term impact of the earthquake on substance use

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Psychological Reactions after Disasters

Psychological Reactions after Disasters

A meta-analysis on treatment efficacy of psychological interventions for mental disorders in individuals exposed to natural disasters

Prevalence of mental disorders in adult populations from the Global South following exposure to natural hazards: a meta-analysis

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