The long-term properties of mineral-cement-emulsion mixtures

Dołżycki, Bohdan; Jaczewski, Mariusz; Szydłowski, Cezary

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.032

Cited by 55 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast to hot mixtures, water is used in cold mixtures to reduce bitumen viscosity (through emulsification), facilitate mixing and enhance compaction. The dosage of the residual bituminous binder from emulsion is generally between 2 and 6%, with respect to the dry aggregate mass, whereas the total water content may vary between 3 and 10% [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of bitumen emulsion–cement mortars: mechanical behaviour and relation to mixtures

2018

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Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures are ecofriendly materials for road pavement construction. Portland cement and other supplementary cementitious materials are added to the mixtures to improve their performance. In bitumen emulsion-cement (BEC) mixtures, the two binders affect the mechanical behaviour and the curing process. In this research, BEC mixtures are considered as multiphase composite materials consisting of a mortar matrix and coarse aggregate inclusions. The main objectives are to identify the composition of BEC mortar phase and to compare mixtures and mortars throughout the curing process. Starting from two BEC mixtures containing 80% reclaimed asphalt, eighteen mortars were manufactured by changing their water and air voids content. Then, two design composition were selected to analyse the curing process by monitoring indirect tensile strength (ITS), indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) and moisture loss. Results showed that the short-term ITS of mortars (1 day of curing) increased by reducing their water and their air voids content. During curing (from 1 to 28 days), the mechanical properties (ITS and ITSM) of mixtures and mortars increased in a similar way. Unique relationships were identified between mortar and mixture properties, regardless of bitumen to cement (B/C) ratio, curing time and curing condition. In terms of predictive behaviour, the design composition slightly underestimated mixture stiffness and overestimated mixture strength. Keywords Cold paving technologies Á Bitumen emulsion Á Cement Á Mortar Á Curing The original version of this article was revised due to a retrospective Open Access order.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of bitumen emulsion–cement mortars: mechanical behaviour and relation to mixtures

2018

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“…Concurrently, the values of the phase angle were less than about 10 • . These reduced ranges of variability characterise the typical behaviour of cold recycled mixtures where cement plays an important role in limiting the thermo-viscoelastic behaviour [60].…”

Section: Complex Modulusmentioning

confidence: 95%

Comparing the Field and Laboratory Curing Behaviour of Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixtures for Binder Courses

et al. 2020

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The cold recycling of reclaimed asphalt (RA) for the rehabilitation of end-of-life pavements is becoming very common. Cold recycled asphalt mixtures (CRAMs) are characterised by a curing time, required to reach the material design mechanical performance. Since the laboratory simulation of the long-term field curing is not yet a standardised procedure, a CRAM was laid as binder course in a full-scale trial section that was monitored for more than two years. The comparison between field curing and oven-curing in laboratory at 40 °C was performed by carrying out indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM), indirect tensile strength (ITS) and complex modulus tests, as well as measurements of the air voids content. The evolution of the ITSM as a function of the curing time (field/oven-curing) was obtained for both gyratory specimens and cores taken from the trial section at different time periods. Results showed that the material stiffness development can be accelerated with a small effect on its long-term value if oven-curing is applied a few days/weeks after compaction. A linear relationship was found between the ITS measured on the cores and their air voids content. Finally, the complex modulus tests confirmed that CRAMs provide an intermediate behaviour between asphalt concrete mixtures and cement-bound mixtures.

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“…Especially for the CRAM constructed in winter or cold regions, early-age distresses might appear due to the low strength of this mixture. In addition, the early-age strength was often used to predict the long-term strength of CRAM [13,14]. It is, therefore, necessary to investigate the early-age strength improvement of this mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Investigation into Early‐Age Strength Improvement of Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixture Containing Asphalt Emulsion and Cement

Kong

Wei

2019

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Cold recycled asphalt mixture (CRAM) has been reported to be able to provide a cleaner method to rehabilitate damaged asphalt pavement. This work used the CRAM containing emulsified asphalt (AE) and cement to investigate the methods of improving its early-age strength by considering mixture composition, including the types of AE and cement and the contents of AE, cement, and moisture. The curing conditions, such as temperature and humidity, were also involved. The results show that the mixture should be carefully designed to determine optimum AE and moisture content. Also, high cement content was helpful to increase the early-age strength. By changing the curing environment, it was found that raising curing temperature and applying a relatively low humidity contributed to the early-age strength improvement. The interaction of cement hydration and AE demulsification was investigated using microimage and laboratory experiments. The results show that AE particles were easy to cluster because of the negative ions released by cement hydration. AE delayed the early cement hydration but improved the later intensity of cement hydration. The coupling effect of AE and cement resulted in higher early-age strength than those of the mixtures only with cement or only with AE. The results presented in this work are expected to give guidance for preparing a CRAM with high early-age strength.

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The long-term properties of mineral-cement-emulsion mixtures

Cited by 55 publications

References 19 publications

Experimental study of bitumen emulsion–cement mortars: mechanical behaviour and relation to mixtures

Experimental study of bitumen emulsion–cement mortars: mechanical behaviour and relation to mixtures

Comparing the Field and Laboratory Curing Behaviour of Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixtures for Binder Courses

Laboratory Investigation into Early‐Age Strength Improvement of Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixture Containing Asphalt Emulsion and Cement

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