The Longitudinal Relationship between Problem Drinking andSelf Esteem among Baby boomers

A longitudinal analysis on determinants of problem drinking among Korean women: focusing on a gender perspective

“…Further, the "high level/increased" group demonstrated hazardous drinking behaviors at the baseline, but progressed to suspected alcohol use disorder over time, suggesting that they are a more risky drinking group compared to the other groups. These are different from previous longitudinal studies, which used the traditional potential growth model, in which only the pattern of decrease or increase over time was considered depending on the predictor [10,54,55]. Potential classes that exhibited heterogeneous trends in the pattern of change regarding problem drinking among women were identified, which enabled the discovery of predictors that increased the likelihood of belonging to a class with undesirable problem drinking changes, providing evidence for early intervention strategies in problem drinking.…”

“…As women are more vulnerable to the physical effects of alcohol compared to men, they are at greater risk of health problems, sexual violence, binge drinking, and problem drinking [7][8][9]. Female drinking is viewed in a more negative light than male drinking in Korean culture, and this hinders early or timely intervention for drinking problems [10], resulting in a quicker progression to alcohol dependence [11]. Further, excessive drinking is considered a serious public health problem due to the adverse effects of heavy drinking during pregnancy and childbirth in women of childbearing age [1,[12][13][14].…”