Although muons are
primarily regarded as a local spin probe, they
can also access the charge state of an atom or molecule via quadrupolar
level crossing resonance (QLCR) spectroscopy. We use Li
+
TCNQ
–
(TCNQ = 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane),
a simple charge transfer salt, to test the potential of this technique
in molecular systems by studying the interaction of a positive muon
with the TCNQ nitrogen atoms. We show that both a positive muon and
muonium are able to add to the nitrogen, leading to a singlet spin
state for the addition molecule. This produces a characteristic three
line QLCR spectrum, with the observed line positions and intensities
determined by the principal values and orientation of the electric
field gradient tensor at the nitrogen. Ab initio calculation of this
field gradient and the resulting QLCR spectrum give good agreement
with the experiment. A nonresonant background contribution to the
relaxation rate also provides evidence for spin excitations rapidly
diffusing along the TCNQ chains. These reflect mobile unpaired electrons
introduced by muonium addition. It is thus shown that a single set
of muon measurements can be sensitive to both spin and charge degrees
of freedom in the same molecular material.