The low frequency dielectric constant of supercooled water

Hasted, J. B.; Shahidi, M. M.

doi:10.1038/262777b0

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The value of r 0 calculated from Eq. (27) agrees with the measured dc conductivity to within a few percent for a wide variety of materials [3,42,43]. It has also been shown for an ionic glass that the KWW function accounts for over 80% of the conductivity relaxation strength [41].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…which was used by Hasted and Shahidi [27] in their determination of the permittivity of supercooled water down to À35°C, using volume fractions of water of 1% and 2%. Hodge and Angell [24] (who performed their measurements without prior knowledge of the earlier Hasted and Shahidi study) used a much higher volume fraction of water (30%), necessitated by their much lower instrumental sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comments on the electric modulus function

Hodge

Ngai

Moynihan

2005

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

209

140

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comments on the electric modulus function

Hodge

Ngai

Moynihan

2005

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

209

140

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“…Thi s was first determined using an emulsion technique by Hasted & Shahidi (77) and was quickly supported with emulsion measurements using a different analysis by Hodge (7 8), and more recently by the coaxial resonator spectrometer techniq ue of Bertolini et aI, who reached -21°C using a nonemulsion sample of approximately 0. 1 cc volume.…”

Section: Heat Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercooled Water

Angell¹

1983

Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.

495

310

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St udies of th e supercooling ph enomenon in water are hardly a new activit y, th e first review having been published in 1775 (1). However, it is only in the past decade th at a high level of activit y, direct ed particularly at th e ph ysical propert ies of water in the supercooled regime, has been manifest ed. Apart from th e obvious motivation of seeking data on this import ant liquid over th e maximum range of condit ions, this activit y has been st imulat ed by the recognit ion th at, as temperature is decreased, certain th ermodynamic and transport properties appear to be diverging as at a crit ical point . Th is unexpected ch aract erist ic has naturally led to an int ense curiosit y as to th e nat ure of th e cooperat ive ph enomenon involved and has promot ed an increasing number of experiment al and th eoretical st udies since th e first evidence was present ed. Th e position of th e "field" at th e moment is an interest ing one (2) with many of th e fundament al properties now de termined with accept able precision (given th e difficult ies of perf orming measurement s under conditions of met ast abilit y, with th e requirement of small sample tech niques th at th is impli es) and several noncompliment ary th eoret ical models in circulat ion to explain them.Because this is th e first review of this subject area to appear in the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, I give some coverage to th e earlier, and more scatt ered, st udies bef ore developing the subject systematically to it s current position. THE NORMAL LIMIT OF SUPERCOOLING, AND THE POSSIBILITY OF VITRIFICATIONAlth ough th e principal int erest in th e supercooling of wat er lies in th e ext raordinary temperat ure dependences manif ested in it s ph ysical pro perties as temperat ure decreases below O°C, these measurement s can only be perf ormed wh ile th e sample remains free from nuclei of th e cryst alline 593 0066 -426X/ 83/1101-0593$ 02.00 Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1983.34:593-630. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by University of Massachusetts -Amherst on 10/17/12. For personal use only.Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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“…For the estimation of D, we used ε drop, -40ºC = 110 from literature 52 and we extrapolated measurements that we made near room temperature to determine ε ~2.1 and σ ~0.014 N/m at -40 ºC.…”

Section: The Freezing Of Drops In the Presence Of Applied Electric Fimentioning

confidence: 99%

Externally Applied Electric Fields up to 1.6 × 10⁵ V/m Do Not Affect the Homogeneous Nucleation of Ice in Supercooled Water

et al. 2010

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The freezing of water can initiate at electrically-conducting electrodes kept at a high electric potential, or at charged electrically-insulating surfaces. The microscopic mechanisms of these phenomena are unknown, but they must involve interactions between water molecules and electric fields. This paper investigates the effect of uniform electric fields on the homogeneous nucleation of ice in supercooled water. Electric fields were applied across drops of water immersed in a perfluorinated liquid using a parallelplate capacitor; the drops traveled in a microchannel and were supercooled until they froze due to the homogenous nucleation of ice. The distribution of freezing temperatures of drops depended on the rate of nucleation of ice, and the sensitivity of measurements allowed detection of changes by a factor of 1.5 in the rate of nucleation. Sinusoidal alternation of the electric field at frequencies from 3 to 100 kHz prevented free ions present in water from screening the electric field in the bulk of drops. Uniform electric fields in water with amplitudes up to 1.6±0.4×10 5 V/m neither enhanced nor suppressed the homogenous nucleation of ice. Estimations based on thermodynamic models suggest that fields in the range of 10 7 -10 8 V/m might cause an observable increase in the rate of nucleation.3

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The low frequency dielectric constant of supercooled water

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Comments on the electric modulus function

Comments on the electric modulus function

Supercooled Water

Externally Applied Electric Fields up to 1.6 × 10⁵ V/m Do Not Affect the Homogeneous Nucleation of Ice in Supercooled Water

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The low frequency dielectric constant of supercooled water

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Comments on the electric modulus function

Comments on the electric modulus function

Supercooled Water

Externally Applied Electric Fields up to 1.6 × 105 V/m Do Not Affect the Homogeneous Nucleation of Ice in Supercooled Water

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Externally Applied Electric Fields up to 1.6 × 10⁵ V/m Do Not Affect the Homogeneous Nucleation of Ice in Supercooled Water