The Lower Proterozoic Hokkalampi Paleosol in North Karelia, Eastern Finland

Marmo, Jukka S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76884-2_5

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These events include: 1) A 2.48 Á/2.45 Ga superplume event expressed in the rock record by large igneous provinces with mafic volcanic and plutonic rocks, initiation of rifting, and worldwide deposition of banded iron formations (Amelin et al, 1995;Heaman, 1997;Barley et al, 1997;Kump et al, 2000); 2) An extended glacial epoch (ca. 2.45 Á/2.3 Ga; Young, 1991) accompanied by carbon isotope excursions (Bekker et al, 1999(Bekker et al, , 2001a; 3) A period of enhanced weathering after the end of the Paleoproterozoic glacial epoch (Young, 1973;Marmo, 1992); 4) A second superplume event around 2.25 Ga that formed extensive plateau basalts and dikes, and led to the second stage of rifting and the breakup along some rift systems (Cadman et al, 1993;Lanyon et al, 1993;Cornell et al, 1996;Buchan et al, 1998;Davis, 1997;Martin et al, 1998); 5) A major carbon isotope excursion between ca. 2.2 Á/2.1 Ga not associated with a known glaciation (Karhu and Holland, 1996); 6) A great oxidation event (Karhu and Holland, 1996), and 7) Final breakup of the Kenorland supercontinent at 2.1 Á/2.0 Ga (Aspler and Chiarenzelli, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atmospheric p O 2 may have changed episodically during the glacial epoch in response to fluctuations in the exogenic carbon cycle (Bekker et al, 2001a). Worldwide, the end of the Paleoproterozoic glacial epoch was followed by deposition of mature, Al-rich quartzites suggesting a climate change to greenhouse conditions favoring chemical weathering (Young, 1973;Karlstrom et al, 1983;Marmo, 1992;Schreiber and Eriksson, 1992;Gutzmer and Beukes, 1996;Ojakangas, 1997). The ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemostratigraphy of Paleoproterozoic carbonate successions of the Wyoming Craton: tectonic forcing of biogeochemical change?

Bekker

2003

Precambrian Research

144

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemostratigraphy of Paleoproterozoic carbonate successions of the Wyoming Craton: tectonic forcing of biogeochemical change?

Bekker

2003

Precambrian Research

144

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“…3.12a, b) or the common occurrence of quartzpebble conglomerates, and quartz arenites (Fig. 3.12c-i) (Negrutza 1984;Sokolov 1987;Marmo 1992). Chemical weathering beneath the Jatulian deposits appears to be a common phenomenon over the entire Shield.…”

Section: The Jatulian System 2300-2060 Mamentioning

confidence: 98%

3.2 Litho- and Chronostratigraphy of the Palaeoproterozoic Karelian Formations

Hanski

Melezhik

2012

Reading the Archive of Earth’s Oxygenation

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“…Paleosols, implying significant chemical weathering, are known also in the Karelian successions (e.g., Laajoki, 2005). The ~2.3 Ga Hokkalampi paleosol in North Karelia, eastern Finland, records both depletion and enrichment in Fe (Marmo, 1993).…”

Section: Origin Of Mudstones and Albite Schistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Petäjäskoski Formation, a new lithostratigraphic unit in the Paleoproterozoic Peräpohja Belt, northern Finland

Kyläkoski¹,

Hanski²,

Huhma³

2012

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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This paper gives the first description of a newly-recognized, basin-wide metasedimentary unit in the Paleoproterozoic (~2.4-1.9 Ga) Peräpohja Belt, northern Finland. The unit, which is named the Petäjäskoski Formation (PFm) after the single location where the rocks are known to be exposed, is situated stratigraphically in the middle part of the Kivalo Group between the quartzites of the >2.22 Ga Palokivalo Formation and the mafic volcanic rocks of the ~2.1 Ga Jouttiaapa Formation.The bulk of the PFm comprises phlogopitic-sericitic and albitic schists with abundant hematite as a diagnostic feature. Quartzite and dolomite interbeds are common. Based on drillcore and geophysical data, the succession is several hundreds of meters thick. The unit has prograde, chiefly lower greenschist facies mineral assemblages and, though being commonly intensely deformed, shows well-preserved sedimentary structures that imply deposition in shallow-water to subaerial environments. Based on the original lithological features, the Petäjäskoski Formation can be defined as a claystone-siltstone-sandstone-dolostone association. On the geochemical and stratigraphic basis, the albite schists likely represent albitized equivalents of the micaceous claystones and siltstones. They are intercalated with stratabound collapse breccias, up to tens of meters in thickness, with clasts composed mainly of bordering albite schist.A mafic sill intruding the Petäjäskoski Formation yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 2140 ± 11 Ma. The older, c. 2220 Ma, differentiated sills are not known to reach the stratigraphic level of the Petäjäskoski Formation and hence, the depositional age of the PFm sediments can be bracketed between c. 2220 and 2140 Ma. Detrital zircon grains dated from a quartzitic sample from the PFm show an Archean (c. 2650-3470 Ma) provenance.The moderate to high MgO (~6-13 wt.%), K 2 O (~3-8 wt.%) and FeO tot (8-15 wt.%) contents, low CaO and Na 2 O contents, and abundant phlogopite and hematite make the mica schists unique among the metasedimentary rocks of the Finnish Karelian supracrustal belts. These features together with the abundance of dravititic tourmaline, the presence of pseudomorphic nodules potentially after gypsum and anhydrite, deposition under shallow-water conditions, and albitization and brecciation of the sedimentary strata suggest an evaporitic depositional environment.The Petäjäskoski Formation, a new lithostratigraphic unit in the Paleoproterozoic Peräpohja Belt, northern Finland

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The Lower Proterozoic Hokkalampi Paleosol in North Karelia, Eastern Finland

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Chemostratigraphy of Paleoproterozoic carbonate successions of the Wyoming Craton: tectonic forcing of biogeochemical change?

Chemostratigraphy of Paleoproterozoic carbonate successions of the Wyoming Craton: tectonic forcing of biogeochemical change?

3.2 Litho- and Chronostratigraphy of the Palaeoproterozoic Karelian Formations

The Petäjäskoski Formation, a new lithostratigraphic unit in the Paleoproterozoic Peräpohja Belt, northern Finland

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