Resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) mapping in the mouse is typically performed under light anesthesia, preventing a full characterization of how the ensuing network architecture reconfigures under wakeful, conscious states. Leveraging a robust protocol for rsfMRI mapping in non-anesthetized, head-fixed mice, we provide a comprehensive description of the functional topography and dynamic structure of rsfMRI activity in awake mice. We find that rsfMRI networks in the awake state, while anatomically comparable to those observed under anesthesia, are topologically configured to maximize interregional communication, departing from the underlying community structure of the axonal connectome. We further report that rsfMRI activity in wakeful animals exhibits unique spatiotemporal dynamics characterized by a state-dependent, dominant occurrence of coactivation states encompassing functional anti-coordination between visual-auditory and default mode network areas, and a prominent participation of arousal-related forebrain nuclei. We finally show that rsfMRI dynamics in awake mice exhibits a stereotypical temporal structure, in which state-dominant coactivation states are configured as leading network attractors. These findings suggest that spontaneous brain activity in awake mice is critically shaped by state-specific involvement of basal forebrain arousal systems, and document that its dynamic structure recapitulates distinctive, evolutionarily-relevant principles that are predictive of conscious states in higher mammalian species.