The Magmatic to Hydrothermal Evolution of the Intrusive Mont Saint-Hilaire Complex: Insights into the Late-stage Evolution of Peralkaline Rocks

Schilling, Julian; Marks, Michael A.W.; Wenzel, Thomas J.; Vennemann, Torsten; Horváth, László; Tarassoff, Peter; Jacob, Dorrit E.; Markl, Gregor

doi:10.1093/petrology/egr042

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Formation of REE deposits in alkaline to peralkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites is typically due to magmatic and/or hydrothermal processes (Wall and Mariano, 1996;Kogarko et al, 2002;Salvi and Williams-Jones, 2006;Schilling et al, 2011;Sheard et al, 2012;McCreath et al, 2012). Alkaline silicate and carbonatite magmatism are associated with small degrees of partial melting of enriched mantle, Table 1 Significant localities or groups of localities described in this paper, classified as resource (those with a formal REE resource estimate compliant with the JORC or NI-43-101 reporting codes); deposit (those for which an economic resource is likely to be present and may be identified by future exploration); occurrence (those in which the REE are enriched but which are unlikely to be economic); and by-product (those in which the REE could be economic as a by-product of another commodity).…”

Section: Overview Of the Geological Setting Of Ree Mineralisation In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Europe's rare earth element resource potential: An overview of REE metallogenetic provinces and their geodynamic setting

Goodenough

Schilling

Jönsson

et al. 2016

Ore Geology Reviews

280

136

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Security of supply of a number of raw materials is of concern for the European Union; foremost among these are the rare earth elements (REE), which are used in a range of modern technologies. A number of research projects, including the EURARE and ASTER projects, have been funded in Europe to investigate various steps along the REE supply chain. This paper addresses the initial part of that supply chain, namely the potential geological resources of the REE in Europe. Although the REE are not currently mined in Europe, potential resources are known to be widespread, and many are being explored. The most important European resources are associated with alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites, although REE deposits are also known from a range of other settings. Within Europe, a number of REE metallogenetic belts can be identified on the basis of age, tectonic setting, lithological association and known REE enrichments. This paper reviews those metallogenetic belts and sets them in their geodynamic context. The most well-known of the REE belts are of Precambrian to Palaeozoic age and occur in Greenland and the Fennoscandian Shield. Of particular importance for their REE potential are the Gardar Province of SW Greenland, the Svecofennian Belt and subsequent Mesoproterozoic rifts in Sweden, and the carbonatites of the Central Iapetus Magmatic Province. However, several zones with significant potential for REE deposits are also identified in central, southern and eastern Europe, including examples in the Bohemian Massif, the Iberian Massif, and the Carpathians.

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Section: Overview Of the Geological Setting Of Ree Mineralisation In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Europe's rare earth element resource potential: An overview of REE metallogenetic provinces and their geodynamic setting

Goodenough

Schilling

Jönsson

et al. 2016

Ore Geology Reviews

280

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other important localities of agpaites are the Khibina and Lovozero complexes, Kola Peninsula, Russia [11], the Mont Saint-Hilaire complex, Quebec, Canada [12,13], parts of the Tamazeght complex, Morocco [14], the Pilanesberg complex, South Africa [15], and the pegmatites at Langesundsfjord, Norway [16,17]. Agpaitic magmas may originate by extreme crystal fractionation of mantle-derived alkali basaltic magma (producing a characteristic negative europium anomaly) or nephelinitic magma (without europium anomaly) deep in the crust [1], which gives rise to their exotic chemistry and mineralogy.…”

Section: Agpaitic Rocks and Their Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Compositional Varieties of Rare-Earth Element Ore: Eudialyte-Group Minerals from the Norra Kärr Alkaline Complex, Southern Sweden

et al. 2013

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Agpaitic nepheline syenites at the Norra Kärr Alkaline Complex, southern Sweden, are rich in zirconium and rare-earth elements (REE), which are mainly accommodated in eudialyte-group minerals (EGM). Norra Kärr hosts three compositionally distinct groups of EGM, which are complex zirconosilicates. Analyses of EGM by electron beam energy-dispersive (SEM-EDS) and wavelength-dispersive (WDS-EMP) X-ray microanalysis are presented and compared, complemented by whole-rock analyses. The SEM-EDS and WDS-EMP methods produce comparable results for most elements. Considering that most SEM instruments have a user-friendly EDS system, it is a useful tool for reconnaissance work in research and especially in exploration-related studies. The EGM evolved markedly from an initial Fe-rich and REE-poor, but HREE-dominated variety, to an intermediate Fe-Mn and HREE-rich one, and to a final Mn-and LREE-rich variety, which occur in rocks classified as lakarpite and grennaite. Based on the Mn/(Fe+Mn) ratios of the EGM, this trend is interpreted as a result of magmatic evolution. The threefold diversity of EGM presented in this work is much broader than has previously been documented.

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“…Both REE-and Sr-rich end-members of EGMs are related to late-magmatic and/or post-magmatic hydrothermal fluids, as are, for example, the final compositions of the EGM trends from the Pilanesberg and Saint-Hilaire complexes (Olivio & Williams-Jones 1999, Mitchell & Liferovich 2006, Grice & Gault 2006, Schilling et al 2011b). The Sr-poor EGM trends found at Saint-Hilaire and Ilímaussaq reflect their basanite/ alkali basalt parental magma (Larsen & Sørensen 1987, Bailey et al 2001, Schilling et al 2011a. Conversely, the Sr-rich EGM trends found at Poços de Caldas, Gardiner, Khibina and Lovozero could be linked to their nephelinite parental magma (Nielsen 1980, Kramm & Kogarko 1994, Sørensen 1997, Ulbrich et al 2005, Kogarko et al 2010).…”

Section: Petrologic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Extensive plagioclase fractionation is usually related to alkaline massifs with a basanite/alkali basalt parental melt, whereas it is absent for nephelinite parental magma (Marks et al 2011, Schilling et al 2011a, 2011b. Thus, EGMs that are crystallized from agpaitic residual liquids derived from basanite/alkali basalt and nephelinite parental magmas should present Sr-poor and Sr-rich trends, respectively.…”

Section: Petrologic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, EGMs have been recognized in nearly all occurrences of agpaitic rocks, i.e., peralkaline nepheline syenites (and phonolites) that contain complex silicates of Zr, Ti, REE, F, and other volatiles (Sørensen 1997, Le Maitre 2002. EGMs have been described in agpaitic rocks from Khibiny and Lovozero, Kola Peninsula (Khomyakov 1995, Johnsen & Gault 1997, Schilling et al 2011b); Mont Saint-Hilaire, Canada (Johnsen & Gault 1997, Johnsen & Grice 1999, Schilling et al 2011b); Langesundsfjord, Norway (Andersen et al 2010, Schilling et al 2011b); Tamazeght, Morocco (Schilling et al 2009, Schilling et al 2011b); Poços de Caldas, Brazil (Johnsen & Gault 1997, Ulbrich & Ulbrich 2000, Ulbrich et al 2005, Schilling et al 2011b); Cerro Boggiani, Paraguay (Gomes et al 1996, Carbonin et al 2005; Pilanesberg, South Africa (Mitchell & Liferovich, 2006, Schilling et al 2011a); Sushina Hill, India (Mitchell & Chakrabarty, 2012); Agua de Pau volcano, Azores, Portugal (Ridolfi et al 2003); and Kilombe volcano, Kenya Rift Valley (Ridolfi et al 2006). The typical minerals associated with EGMs include alkali feldspar, nepheline, sodalite, aegirine, arfvedsonite, and several complex Zr-, Nb-, Ti-, and REE-bearing silicates, such as astrophyllite, lamprophyllite, rosenbuschite, rinkite, and wöhlerite (e.g., Sørensen 1997, Andersen et al 2010, Marks et al 2011, Schilling et al 2011b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eudialyte-group minerals from the Monte de Trigo alkaline suite, Brazil: composition and petrological implications

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT:The Monte de Trigo alkaline suite is a SiO 2 -undersaturated syenite-gabbroid association from the Serra do Mar alkaline province. Eudialyte-group minerals (EGMs) occur in one nepheline microsyenite dyke, associated with aegirine-augite, wöhlerite, låvenite, magnetite, zircon, titanite, britholite, and pyrochlore. Major compositional variations include Si (25.09-25.57 apfu), Nb (0.31-0.76 apfu), Fe (1.40-2.13 apfu), and Mn (1.36-2.08 apfu). The EGMs also contain relatively high contents of Ca (6.13-7.10 apfu), moderate enrichment of rare earth elements (0.38-0.67 apfu), and a relatively low Na content (11.02-12.28 apfu), which can be correlated with their transitional agpaitic assemblage. EGM compositions indicate a complex solid solution that includes eudialyte, kentbrooksite, feklichevite, zirsilite-(Ce), georgbarsanovite, and manganoeudialyte components. EGM trace element analyses show low Sr and Ba contents and a negative Eu/Eu* anomaly, which are interpreted as characteristic of the parental magma due to the previous fractionation of plagioclase and/or alkali feldspar. The EGMs from the dyke border have higher contents of Fe, Sr (2,161-2,699 ppm), Mg (1,179-3,582 ppm), and Zn (732-852 ppm) than those at the dyke center. These differences are related to the incorporation of xenoliths and xenocrysts of melatheralitic host rock into the nephelinesyenitic magma followed by crystal-melt diffusive exchange.KEYWORDS: mineral chemistry; agpaitic rocks; Serra do Mar alkaline province. Ca (6,10 apfu), enriquecimento moderado de elementos terras raras (0,67 apfu) e concentrações relativamente baixas de Na (11,(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)28 de Fe, RESUMO: A suíte alcalina do Monte de Trigo é uma associação sienítico-gabroide que pertence à província alcalina da Serra do Mar. Minerais do grupo da eudialita (EGMs) ocorrem em um dique de nefelina microssienito associados a egirina-augita, wöhlerita, lavenita, magnetita, zircão, titanita, britolita e pirocloro. As principais variações composicionais incluem Si (25,09-25,57 apfu), Nb (0,31-0,76 apfu), Fe (1,40-2,13 apfu) e Mn (1,36-2,08 apfu). Os EGMs também contêm concentrações relativamente altas de

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The Magmatic to Hydrothermal Evolution of the Intrusive Mont Saint-Hilaire Complex: Insights into the Late-stage Evolution of Peralkaline Rocks

Cited by 34 publications

References 107 publications

Europe's rare earth element resource potential: An overview of REE metallogenetic provinces and their geodynamic setting

Europe's rare earth element resource potential: An overview of REE metallogenetic provinces and their geodynamic setting

Three Compositional Varieties of Rare-Earth Element Ore: Eudialyte-Group Minerals from the Norra Kärr Alkaline Complex, Southern Sweden

Eudialyte-group minerals from the Monte de Trigo alkaline suite, Brazil: composition and petrological implications

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