The Magnification of SN 1997[CLC]ff[/CLC], the Farthest Known Supernova

Benı́tez, N.; Riess, Adam G.; Nugent, P.; Dickinson, Mark; Chornock, R.; Filippenko, A. V.

doi:10.1086/344048

Cited by 62 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…One means of achieving this would be an inspection of the foreground galaxies for each supernova. For example, SN 1997ff at has several foreground z p 1.7 galaxies in its vicinity, leading to a magnification possibly as large as 0.4 mag (Lewis & Ibata 2001;Riess et al 2001;Mört-1 Benítez et al 2002). If the magnification factor could be accurately estimated from the foreground galaxy images, then the supernova brightness could be corrected to its unlensed value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrective Lenses for High-Redshift Supernovae

Dalal

Holz

Chen

et al. 2003

The Astrophysical Journal

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Weak lensing of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae induces an external dispersion in their observed standard candle brightnesses, comparable in magnitude to the intrinsic dispersion for redshifts . The same matter z 1 1 fluctuations responsible for the magnification of distant supernovae also generate shear in the images of background galaxies. We investigate the possibility of using lensing shear maps constructed from galaxies surrounding the supernovae as a means of correcting the lensing-induced magnification dispersion. We find that a considerable fraction of the lensing dispersion derives from subarcminute scales, which are not probed by shear maps smoothed on arcminute scales. We thus find that weak-lensing shear maps will be of only limited value in reducing the weak-lensing magnification fluctuations of supernovae.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrective Lenses for High-Redshift Supernovae

Dalal

Holz

Chen

et al. 2003

The Astrophysical Journal

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“…(See also Benítez et al 2002, which corrects the observed magnitude of SN 1997ff for gravitational lensing.) SN 1997ff was discovered by Gilliland & Phillips (1998) in a repeat HST observation of the Hubble Deep Field-North, and serendipitously monitored in the infrared with HST/NICMOS.…”

Section: The Smoking Gunmentioning

confidence: 63%

The Accelerating Universe and Dark Energy: Evidence from Type Ia Supernovae

Filippenko

2004

Lecture Notes in Physics

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Summary. I discuss the use of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) for cosmological distance determinations. Low-redshift SNe Ia (z < ∼ 0.1) demonstrate that the Hubble expansion is linear, that H0 = 72 ± 8 km s −1 Mpc −1 , and that the properties of dust in other galaxies are similar to those of dust in the Milky Way. The light curves of high-redshift (z = 0.3-1) SNe Ia are stretched in a manner consistent with the expansion of space; similarly, their spectra exhibit slower temporal evolution (by a factor of 1 + z) than those of nearby SNe Ia. The measured luminosity distances of SNe Ia as a function of redshift have shown that the expansion of the Universe is currently accelerating, probably due to the presence of repulsive dark energy such as Einstein's cosmological constant (Λ). From about 200 SNe Ia, we find that H0t0 = 0.96 ± 0.04, and ΩΛ − 1.4ΩM = 0.35 ± 0.14. Combining our data with the results of large-scale structure surveys, we find a best fit for ΩM and ΩΛ of 0.28 and 0.72, respectively -essentially identical to the recent WMAP results (and having comparable precision). The sum of the densities, ∼ 1.0, agrees with extensive measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation, including WMAP, and coincides with the value predicted by most inflationary models for the early Universe: the Universe is flat on large scales. A number of possible systematic effects (dust, supernova evolution) thus far do not seem to eliminate the need for ΩΛ > 0. However, during the past few years some very peculiar low-redshift SNe Ia have been discovered, and we must be mindful of possible systematic effects if such objects are more abundant at high redshifts. Recently, analyses of SNe Ia at z = 1.0-1.7 provide further support for current acceleration, and give tentative evidence for an early epoch of deceleration. The dynamical age of the Universe is estimated to be 13.1±1.5 Gyr, consistent with the ages of globular star clusters and with the WMAP result of 13.7 ± 0.2 Gyr. Current projects include the search for additional SNe Ia at z > 1 to confirm the early deceleration, and the measurement of a few hundred SNe Ia at z = 0.2-0.8 to more accurately determine the equation of state of the dark energy, w = P/(ρc 2 ), whose value is now constrained by SNe Ia to be in the range −1.48 < ∼ w < ∼ − 0.72 at 95% confidence.

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“…(See also Benítez et al 2002, which corrects the observed magnitude of SN 1997ff for gravitational lensing by foreground galaxies.) SN 1997ff was discovered by Gilliland & Phillips (1998) in a repeat HST observation of the Hubble Deep Field-North, and it was serendipitously monitored in the infrared with HST/NICMOS.…”

Section: Early Deceleration Of the Universementioning

confidence: 74%

“…Low-redshift SNe Ia are from Hamuy et al (1996a) and Riess et al (1999a). The magnitude of SN 1997ff at z = 1.7 has been corrected for gravitational lensing (Benítez et al 2002). The measurements of SN 1997ff are inconsistent with astrophysical effects that could mimic previous evidence for an accelerating universe from SNe Ia at z ≈ 0.5.…”

Section: Early Deceleration Of the Universementioning

confidence: 80%

Type Ia Supernovae and Cosmology

Suntzeff

2003

Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale

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I discuss the use of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) for cosmological distance determinations. Low-redshift SNe Ia (z < ∼ 0.1) demonstrate that the Hubble expansion is linear with H0 = 72 ± 8 km s −1 Mpc −1 , and that the properties of dust in other galaxies are generally similar to those of dust in the Milky Way. The light curves of high-redshift (z = 0.3-1) SNe Ia are stretched in a manner consistent with the expansion of space; similarly, their spectra exhibit slower temporal evolution (by a factor of 1 + z) than those of nearby SNe Ia. The measured luminosity distances of SNe Ia as a function of redshift have shown that the expansion of the Universe is currently accelerating, probably due to the presence of repulsive dark energy such as Einstein's cosmological constant (Λ). From about 200 SNe Ia, we find that H0t0 = 0.96 ± 0.04, and ΩΛ − 1.4ΩM = 0.35 ± 0.14. Combining our data with the results of large-scale structure surveys, we find a best fit for ΩM and ΩΛ of 0.28 and 0.72, respectively -essentially identical to the recent WMAP results (and having comparable precision). The sum of the densities, ∼ 1.0, agrees with extensive measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation, including WMAP, and coincides with the value predicted by most inflationary models for the early Universe: the Universe is flat on large scales. A number of possible systematic effects (dust, supernova evolution) thus far do not seem to eliminate the need for ΩΛ > 0. However, during the past few years some very peculiar low-redshift SNe Ia have been discovered, and we must be mindful of possible systematic effects if such objects are more abundant at high redshifts. Recently, analyses of SNe Ia at z = 1.0-1.7 provide further support for current acceleration, and give tentative evidence for an early epoch of deceleration. The dynamical age of the Universe is estimated to be 13.1 ± 1.5 Gyr, consistent with the ages of globular star clusters and with the WMAP result of 13.7 ± 0.2 Gyr. According to the most recent data sets, the SN Ia rate at z > 1 is several times greater than that at low redshifts, presumably because of higher star formation rates long ago. Moreover, the typical delay time from progenitor star formation to SN Ia explosion appears to be substantial, ∼ 3 Gyr. Current projects include the search for additional SNe Ia at z > 1 to confirm 2 the early deceleration, and the measurement of a few hundred SNe Ia at z = 0.2-0.8 to more accurately determine the equation-of-state parameter of the dark energy, w = P/(ρc 2 ), whose value is now constrained by SNe Ia to be in the range −1.48 < ∼ w < ∼ − 0.72 at 95% confidence.

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The Magnification of SN 1997[CLC]ff[/CLC], the Farthest Known Supernova

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

Corrective Lenses for High-Redshift Supernovae

Corrective Lenses for High-Redshift Supernovae

The Accelerating Universe and Dark Energy: Evidence from Type Ia Supernovae

Type Ia Supernovae and Cosmology

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