The Magnitude and Associated Factors of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Among Patients with Chronic Diabetic Mellitus in Northeast Ethiopia, 2021

Abstract

Diabetic disease and its complications are major public health problems that result in long-term hospitalization, amputation, and poor quality of life for patients. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of diabetic foot ulcers among patients with chronic diabetic mellitus in northeast Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was selected using a systematic random sampling technique based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a self-administered pre-tested structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS 25 for statistical analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dependent and independent variables. All variables with P-value <0.25 were included in multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratio at 95% confidence intervals and considered significant with P-value <0.05 in final statistical significance was used to determine the level of association. Results:The overall 283 samples of diabetic cases in the follow-up were included. The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer was 7.1% (95% CI=3.92, 47.2%). Duration greater than 5 years (AOR=2.28, 95% CI=3.04, 17.69), history of ulceration (AOR=7.24, 95%, CI=1.25, 11.78), peripheral neuropathy (AOR=5.77, 95% CI=1.33, 12.155), oral hypoglycemic (AOR=3.2, 95% CI=4.02, 4.36) and insulin (AOR=2.6, 95% CI=1.75, 4.36) were found to be the significant factors of diabetic foot ulcer. Conclusion:The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer patients was 7.2% and associated with duration of diabetes mellitus, history of ulceration, peripheral neuropathy, and oral hypoglycemic medication. Therefore, attention is needed for prevention, early detection, and caring for foot ulcers.

Adherence to diabetic foot care recommendations and associated factors among people with diabetes in Eastern Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study

“…Neuropathy is the presence of at least one symptom from the list of potential symptoms such as stabbing, shooting, burning or electric shock-like pain that may be worse at night and disrupt sleep. 28 …”

“…27 Neuropathy is the presence of at least one symptom from the list of potential symptoms such as stabbing, shooting, burning or electric shock-like pain that may be worse at night and disrupt sleep. 28 Diabetes complication: by reviewing the patient's medical record, a patient with diabetes was deemed to have diabetes complications if they had any of the following: retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, myocardial infarction or stroke. 29 Adequate knowledge of foot care: patients with diabetes mellitus who score greater than or equal to the mean on knowledge-related questions about diabetes foot care.…”

BASNEF Model Based Educational Guidelines regarding Foot Care among Type II Diabetic Patients

“…Diabetes may harm the nerves that control feeling and restrict blood flow to the feet, making it more difficult to heal wounds and fight infections. Due to these issues, it is important to pay attention and take care of the foot to avoid placing the patient at risk of having an amputation (Atinafu et al, 2022). Therefore, the current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of BASNEF model based educational guidelines regarding foot care among type II diabetic patients.…”