The magnitude of hypertension and its risk factors in southern Ethiopia: A community based study

Abstract

Background Prevention and control of hypertension has not been given due attention though previous studies indicated that hypertension is growing public health problem. Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in Bona district, southern Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 1952 participants aged ≥25 years in Bona District, southern Ethiopia. Data were collected from consented participants recruited using multistage sampling technique. Data were entered, checked for quality and analyzed by SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Since the outcome variables were ordered categorical, we used multinomial logistic regression model to identify associated factors. Among the independent variables included in the model no multicolinearity was observed. The level of significance was set at P value ≤ 0.05. Results The observed prevalence of hypertension (21.8%) was remarkable in rural setting. Out of hypertensive participants, 195 (45.9%) were newly diagnosed. About one third of the participants (31.4%) had central obesity measured by waist-to-height ratio ≥0.50. Being male, age advancement, high BMI (≥25.0 kg/m 2 ) and central obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥0.50) were positively associated with both systolic and diastolic hypertension. Systolic hypertension was negatively associated with high family income. The likely hood of developing diastolic hypertension increased in participants with family history of hypertension. Conclusion The overall prevalence of hypertension, 21.8%, is alarmingly high that it can be said that hypertension is becoming a silent epidemic in Ethiopia. Nationwide survey is needed to get the clear magnitude of hypertension so that early detection and management strategies can be enforced.

Central obesity, not BMI explains cardio-metabolic risks among university employees, Ethiopia – a cross-sectional study

“…The prevalence of diabetes in the current study is consistent with the growing body of regional evidence particularly urban dwellers (42,43). Unlike many other regional studies (40,(43)(44)(45), the odds of likely cardio-metabolic risks in this current study population is only explained by measures of central obesity and not by body mass index. Moreover, surprisingly WHtR which is proposed (46) as a good indicator of abdominal obesity (AO) and a better predictor of cardio-metabolic risk had lesser odds of likely cardio-metabolic risks than WC in our study participants.…”

“…However, the prevalence of hypertension reported in this study is lower than other community-based studies in Ethiopia which is 28.3% (40) and 30% (41). The prevalence of diabetes in the current study is consistent with the growing body of regional evidence particularly urban dwellers (42,43). Unlike many other regional studies (40,(43)(44)(45), the odds of likely cardio-metabolic risks in this current study population is only explained by measures of central obesity and not by body mass index.…”

<p>Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus, Prediabetes and Its Associated Factors in Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia: A Community-Based Study</p>

“…In addition, this result was higher than those from other studies done in Benin (1.4%) 21 and suburban population of Northwest Nigeria (4.3%), 22 in Southern Ethiopia, Sidama zone (1.9%) 23 and in northwest Ethiopia, Gondar (5.1%). 24 This may be due to differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of study participants, sample sizes, and time frames.…”

“…11 However, the prevalence of the UDM case was higher than the IDF-projected UDM estimates in the world (49.7%) 9 and in the African region (62.3%). 2,11 Moreover, UDM prevalence was also higher than the reports from Pakistan (31%), 26 Bangladeshi (56%), 27 Sidama zone (54%) 23 and in Gondar Town and Dabat residential districts (63%). 24 The high rate of UDM may be due to a lack of DM awareness and poor screening program in the community and primary health care providers.…”

<p>Epidemiology of General, Central Obesity and Associated Cardio-Metabolic Risks Among University Employees, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

“…42,43 Unlike many other regional studies, 16,40,43,44 the odds of likely cardio-metabolic risks in this current study population is only explained by measures of central obesity and not by body mass index. Moreover, surprisingly WHtR which is proposed 45 as a good indicator of abdominal obesity (AO) and a better predictor of cardio-metabolic risk had lesser odds of likely cardio-metabolic risks than WC in our study participants. This might be due to over estimation because WC does not take height (risk of tall) into consideration while defining AO and unique morphology of Ethiopians.…”