The study shows the process characteristics of asset valuation, involving the identification of the object, the subject of their valuation; the differences between the interpretations of "measurement", "valuation" of assets with a focus on the process characteristics of their valuation are identified; a set of asset valuation tasks is defined, among which a financial task involving "value formation" for investors is identified; key theoretical and methodological the provisions of the valuation, one of the main ones are (definition of valuation methods taking into account its purpose and the accepted recognition of assets; the existence of a method aimed at identifying its owner; determination of the valuation method taking into account the influence of expert judgment on the effectiveness of its outcome; consideration of factors affecting the value of assets); a comparative assessment of the types of asset valuation in Russian and international theory, practice; identified the advantages and disadvantages of asset valuation at fair value. As a result, the influence of the purpose and objectives of the assessment on the essence and characteristics of the methods of assessing assets characterized by diversity is substantiated, which concludes the theoretical and methodological apparatus for assessing assets of commercial organizations.