The major-ion composition of Permian seawater

Lowenstein, Tim K.; Timofeeff, Michael N.; Kovalevych, Volodymyr M.; Horita, Juske

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.09.015

Cited by 106 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…They are: (1) The K+ concentration, salinity and chlorinity of Phanerozoic seawater is close to modern; (2) HC0 3· can be ignored because the concentration is minor compared to other ions; (3) The concentration product of (Ca 2+)(SO/) Table 5. Major-ion chemical composition of Early Triassic seawater (mmol/kg HP) that according to the composition of primary fluid inclusions in chevron halite, interpreted as close to the composition of Early Permian (Asselian-Sakmarian) seawater, calculated recently by Lowenstein et al (2005). Modern seawater according to McCaffrey et al (1997).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Early Triassic Seawatersupporting

confidence: 52%

“…5). The K, Mg and S94 concentrations in the Rot primary inclusions (Table 2) allow us, using certain assumptions, to define Early Triassic seawater-applying published models for the Phanerozoic (Lowenstein et al 2001(Lowenstein et al , 2003(Lowenstein et al , 2005Horita et al 2002) and the Harvie-Meller-Weare (HMW) computer program (Harvie et aI. 1984).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Early Triassic Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Na" in seawater can be calculated by charge balance using other ions. Lowenstein et al (2005) calculatedthe seawater composition for three periods In the Permian using these assumptions.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Early Triassic Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid inclusions in halite from the Röt (lower triassic) salt deposit in central Germany: Evidence for seawater chemistry and conditions of salt deposition and recrystallization

Kovalevych

Paul

Peryt

2009

Carbonates and Evaporites

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The study of fluid inclusions in Lower Triass ic Rot halite from the Rockensussra 2/83 borehole in northern Germany showe d the presence ofprimary and second ary gas-liquid inclusions. The gas phase in inclus ions indicates their stretching due to sa lt overheating at some postsedimentary stage . The homogenization temperature of inclusions indicates 'the overheating temperature of about 60-70°C. The overheating is additionally indicated by trails of migration oflarge secondary inclus ions occurring inside chevrons. The major-ion (K, Mg and 804) composition of inclusion brines was established with the use of ultra microchemical analysis (UMCA). The results of chemical analyses of brines of primary inclusions in halite from the Rockensussra 2/83 borehole confirm the earlier results for the Rot halite from the Netherlands and Poland. The bromin e content in halite is 78-107 ppm , supporting thus marine origin of halite. Brines ofprimary gas-liquid inclusions are thus representative samples of trapped evaporite wa ter and they may be used for the reconstruction ofthe composition ofEarly Triassic seawater. The comparison' of our analytical data with the earlier published data and models of chemical composition of seawater during the Phane rozoic which were constructed with the use of the BMW computer program makes it possible to conclude that the Early Triassic seawater was of the S04-rich type and consid ering the ratios ofmajor ions it fully corresponded to the Early Permian (Asselian-Sakmarian) seawater. It differed from the present seawater by a slight decre ase of Na and Mg ions, a considerable decrease ofS0 4 ion (by 31%) and an increase ofCa ion (by 36%).

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Section: Chemical Composition Of Early Triassic Seawatersupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Chemical Composition Of Early Triassic Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluid inclusions in halite from the Röt (lower triassic) salt deposit in central Germany: Evidence for seawater chemistry and conditions of salt deposition and recrystallization

Kovalevych

Paul

Peryt

2009

Carbonates and Evaporites

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“…This is due to equal 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values of seawater and its precipitates, being a consequence of neglected isotope fractionation during mass spectrometric analysis. Modeled Sr concentrations in seawater ([Sr] sw ) therefore have to rely on the less well known (Sr/Ca) sw ratios and seawater calcium concentrations ([Ca] sw ) gleaned from marine carbonates and fluid inclusions, respectively (Horita et al, 2002;Lowenstein et al, 2005;Steuber and Veizer, 2002;Wallmann, 2004 (Fietzke and Eisenhauer, 2006), are calculated using the following relation:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phanerozoic δ88/86Sr record of seawater: New constraints on past changes in oceanic carbonate fluxes

Vollstaedt

Eisenhauer

Wallmann

et al. 2014

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

107

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The isotopic composition of Phanerozoic marine sediments provides important information about changes in seawater chemistry. In particular, the radiogenic strontium isotope ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) system is a powerful tool for constraining plate tectonic processes and their influence on atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. However, the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotope ratio of seawater is not sensitive to temporal changes in the marine strontium (Sr) output flux, which is primarily controlled by the burial of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) at the ocean floor. The Sr budget of the Phanerozoic ocean, including the associated changes in the amount of CaCO 3 burial, is therefore only poorly constrained. Here, we present the first stable isotope record of Sr for Phanerozoic skeletal carbonates, and by inference for Phanerozoic seawater (δ 88/86 Sr sw ), which we find to be sensitive to imbalances in the Sr input and output fluxes. This δ 88/86 Sr sw record varies from ~0.25‰ to ~0.60‰ (vs. SRM987) with a mean of ~0.37‰. The fractionation factor between modern seawater and skeletal The oceanic net carbonate flux of Sr (F(Sr) carb ) varied between an output of -4.7x10 10 mol/Myr and an input of +2.3x10 10 mol/Myr with a mean of -1.6x10 10 mol/Myr.On time scales in excess of 100Myrs the F(Sr) carb is proposed to have been controlled by the relative importance of calcium carbonate precipitates during the "aragonite" and "calcite" sea episodes. On time scales less than 20Myrs the F(Sr) carb seems to be controlled by variable combinations of carbonate burial rate, shelf carbonate weathering and recrystallization, ocean acidification, and ocean anoxia. In particular, the Permian/Triassic transition is marked by a prominent positive δ 88/86 Sr sw -peak that reflects a significantly enhanced burial flux of Sr and carbonate, likely driven by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) and the related alkalinity production in deeper anoxic waters. We also argue that the residence time of Sr in the Phanerozoic ocean ranged from ~1Myrs to ~20Myrs.

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“…In pre vi ous stud ies (Holser and Kaplan, 1966;Claypool et al, 1980;Pankina et al, 1985), the d 34 S value of Perm ian anhydrite A -the value curve of the sul phate ions con tent (Kovalevich and Vovnyuk, 2010); for cal cu lat ing the con tent of sul phate ion, we used data from the fol low ing pa pers: Moskovskyi (1983), Petrychenko (1988), Horita et al (1991), Kovalevych et al (2002), Horita et al (2002), Lowenstein et al (2005), Galamay et al (2013); B -the value d 34 S curve of an hyd rites (ac cord ing to Ta ble 2) was es tab lished as an av er age value. Ta ble 2 pres ents d…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The sulphur and oxygen isotopic composition of anhydrite from the Upper Pechora basin (Russia): new data in the context of the evolution of the sulphur isotopic record of Permian evaporites

Galamay

Meng

Bukowski

et al. 2016

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1 Na tional Acad emy of Sci ences of Ukraine, In sti tute of Ge ol ogy and Geo chem is try of Com bus ti ble Min er als, Naukova, 3a, 79060 Lviv, Ukraine 18 O of anhydrite from ha lite fa cies var ies from +12.6 to +15.0‰ and +7.5 to +10.9‰ re spec tively. The quan ti ta tive ra tio of py rite con tent from the wa ter-in sol u ble res i due (silty-sand frac tion) is char ac ter ized by ex tremely low (<<1%) to high (4-5%) steep gra da tion val ues. The in creased pres ence of py rite in di cates the in flu ence of bac te rial sul phate re duc tion. The sul phate re duc tion pro cess was more in tense, es pe cially when evaporites were formed in mud. The nar row fluc tu a tion range of sul phur and ox y gen iso topes val ues of the mea sured anhydrite in dicates low lev els of frac tion ation. It was es tab lished that dur ing the Perm ian, evo lu tion ary changes in the con tent of sul phate ions in sea wa ter cor re late with the sul phur iso to pic com po si tion of ma rine evaporites.

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The major-ion composition of Permian seawater

Cited by 106 publications

References 45 publications

Fluid inclusions in halite from the Röt (lower triassic) salt deposit in central Germany: Evidence for seawater chemistry and conditions of salt deposition and recrystallization

Fluid inclusions in halite from the Röt (lower triassic) salt deposit in central Germany: Evidence for seawater chemistry and conditions of salt deposition and recrystallization

The Phanerozoic δ88/86Sr record of seawater: New constraints on past changes in oceanic carbonate fluxes

The sulphur and oxygen isotopic composition of anhydrite from the Upper Pechora basin (Russia): new data in the context of the evolution of the sulphur isotopic record of Permian evaporites

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