“…Christian churches can offer a range social and spiritual programs for immigrants (Ley 2008). Unruh and Sider's (2005) typology of church ministry can be adapted to help classify these diverse programs: (a) providing settlement and relief services to meet immediate needs (e.g., Kataoka et al 2006), (b) providing personal development programs to empower immigrants to improve their physical, emotional, intellectual, relational or social status (e.g., Huang 2008), (c) providing community development programs to renew the building blocks of a healthy community (e.g., Gonzalev y Perez 1999), (d) pursuing systemic change activities that attempt to transform unjust political, economic, environmental or cultural systems (e.g., Ng 2004;United Church of Canada 2007), and (e) holding evangelistic activities (e.g., Seim 1999). Congregations can also sponsor immigrants to come to Canada either under the refugee or family reunification class (McKinlay 2008;Mummert and Bach 1992).…”