The mammalian preimplantation embryo: Its role in the environmental programming of postnatal health and performance

Velazquez, Miguel A.; Idriss, Abdullah; Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale; Fleming, Tom P.

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107321

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 274 publications

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“…As a result, SN embryos showed a higher fetal/placental weight ratio, which is considered as a measure of placental efficiency and a marker of intrauterine stress (Barker et al, 1990;Vrooman et al, 2020), suggesting the improvement of embryonic development. Thus, nucleolar plasticity may contribute to adverse IVF outcomes such as intrauterine growth restriction or overgrowth (Velazquez et al, 2023), suggesting the possibility of developing new ART by manipulating the nucleolar state to address these the outcomes. However, to reach a more definitive conclusion, it will be crucial in the near future to examine the relationship between nucleolus morphology and developmental potential using a system capable of identifying the nucleolus morphology of all blastomeres at the four-cell stage, for instance, by expressing a nucleolarlocalized fluorescent-fusion protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of nucleolar morphology in four‐cell mouse embryos after IVF: association with developmental potential

Bari,

Morishita,

Kishigami

2023

Animal Science Journal

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In mammals, around fertilization, the nucleolus of embryos transforms into the nucleolus precursor bodies (NPBs), which continue to mature until the blastocyst stage, leading to distinct morphological changes. In our study, we observed two types of nucleolar morphology in mouse in vitro fertilized embryos at the four‐cell stage, which we refer to single nucleolus (SN) and multiple nucleoli (MN). To visualize nucleolar morphology, four‐cell embryos were immunostained with anti‐NOPP140 antibody. These embryos were categorized into five types based on the number of blastomeres carrying SN: SN4/MN0, SN3/MN1, SN2/MN2, SN1/MN3, and SN0/MN4, with percentages of 13, 27, 21, 23 and 9, respectively. Next, using a light microscope, we divided the four‐cell in vitro fertilized embryos without fixation into two groups: those with at least two blastomeres displaying SN (SN embryos) and those without (MN embryos). Notably, significantly more SN embryos developed into blastocysts and offspring at 18.5 dpc compared with MN embryos. Furthermore, SN embryos displayed a higher NANOG‐positive cell number at the blastocyst stage, significantly lower body and placental weights, resulting in a higher fetal/placental ratio. These findings suggest a close association between nucleolar state at the four‐cell stage and subsequent developmental potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of nucleolar morphology in four‐cell mouse embryos after IVF: association with developmental potential

Bari,

Morishita,

Kishigami

2023

Animal Science Journal

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“…In conclusion, altogether, the currently available information indicates that livestock offspring born after embryo technologies are fertile (Velazquez et al, 2023), although other phenotypic characters such as growth and/or metabolism may be affected in offspring.…”

Section: Artificial Reproductive Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐uterine programming of future fertility

Chavatte‐Palmer,

Couturier‐Tarrade,

Rousseau‐Ralliard

2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) shows that a relationship exists between parental environment at large, foeto‐placental development and the risk for the offspring to develop non‐transmittable disease(s) in adulthood. This concept has been validated in both humans and livestock. In mammals, after fertilization and time spent free in the maternal reproductive tract, the embryo develops a placenta that, in close relationship with maternal endometrium, is the organ responsible for exchanges between dam and foetus. Any modification of the maternal environment can lead to adaptive mechanisms affecting placental morphology, blood flow, foetal‐maternal exchanges (transporters) and/or endocrine function, ultimately modifying placental efficiency. Among deleterious environments, undernutrition, protein restriction, overnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies and food contaminants can be outlined. When placental adaptive capacities become insufficient, foetal growth and organ formation is no longer optimal, including foetal gonadal formation and maturation, which can affect subsequent offspring fertility. Since epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to be key to foetal programming, epigenetic modifications of the gametes may also occur, leading to inter‐generational effects. After briefly describing normal gonadal development in domestic species and inter‐species differences, this review highlights the current knowledge on intra‐uterine programming of offspring fertility with a focus on domestic animals and underlines the importance to assess transgenerational effects on offspring fertility at a time when new breeding systems are developed to face the current climate changes.

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“…This proliferation-apoptosis balance can also be affected during prenatal development, when undernutrition or stress seem to elicit epigenetic changes in developing gonads that affect offspring fertility in adult life. Indeed, the whole field of 'fetal programming' , or developmental origins of health and disease (DoHaD) has exploded since the first CGE paper was published in 2004, with evidence gathering for a lengthening list of productivity measures that are affected by epigenetic effects on sperm, oocytes, embryos and fetuses [eg., (17)(18)(19)(20)]. For postnatal life, it has become clear that puberty can be advanced by accelerating the accumulation of muscle as well as fat, a major advantage for meat production systems.…”

Section: Societal and Market Pressures Are Affecting Livestock Manage...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: science and the future of livestock industries

Martin

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Since the 1990s, livestock industries have been forced to respond to major pressures from society, particularly with respect to methane emissions and animal welfare. These challenges are exacerbated by the inevitability of global heating and the effects it will have on livestock productivity. The same challenges also led to questions about the value of animal-sourced foods for feeding the world. The industries and the research communities supporting them are meeting those challenges. For example, we can now envisage solutions to the ruminant methane problem and those solutions will also improve the efficiency of meat and milk production. Animal welfare is a complex mix of health, nutrition and management. With respect to health, the ‘One Health’ concept is offering better perspectives, and major diseases, such as helminth infection, compounded by resistance against medication, are being resolved through genetic selection. With respect to nutrition and stress, ‘fetal programming’ and the epigenetic mechanisms involved offer novel possibilities for improving productivity. Stress needs to be minimized, including stress caused by extreme weather events, and solutions are emerging through technology that reveals when animals are stressed, and through an understanding of the genes that control susceptibility to stress. Indeed, discoveries in the molecular biology of physiological processes will greatly accelerate genetic progress by contributing to genomic solutions. Overall, the global context is clear – animal-sourced food is an important contributor to the future of humanity, but the responses of livestock industries must involve local actions that are relevant to geographical and socio-economic constraints.

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The mammalian preimplantation embryo: Its role in the environmental programming of postnatal health and performance

Cited by 14 publications

References 274 publications

Heterogeneity of nucleolar morphology in four‐cell mouse embryos after IVF: association with developmental potential

Heterogeneity of nucleolar morphology in four‐cell mouse embryos after IVF: association with developmental potential

Intra‐uterine programming of future fertility

Perspective: science and the future of livestock industries

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