The marble of O Incio (Galicia, Spain): Quarries and first archaeometric characterisation of a material used since roman times

Garcia-M., Anna Gutiérrez; Plumed, Hernando Royo; Soutelo, Silvia González; Savin, Marie-Claire; Mercadal, María Pilar Lapuente; Chapoulie, Rémy

doi:10.4000/archeosciences.4783

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Since the pioneering work by Renfrew and Peacey [9], a significant number of research papers have focused on the practical use of CL in carbonate as a complementary tool for the provenance study of ancient marbles [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Most of them use representative CL-images of quarry marbles to identify archaeological pieces as a complementary technique to the usual C and O stable isotopes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Database of the Quantitative Cathodoluminescence of the Main Quarry Marbles Used in Antiquity

2020

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Quantitative cathodoluminescence (CL) has rarely been applied for the archaeometric studies concerning marble provenance, despite its potential. This paper develops the method and provides a new database of the parameters obtained from the main marble quarries used in antiquity. With a total number of 473 marble samples from ten districts of the central and eastern Mediterranean, it is the first database on quantitative CL, with the additional advantage of being the same samples that have already characterized by other conventional techniques and that are available in the literature. Focused on the measurements of the intensity peaks at the UV and visible spectra, registered by a spectrometer coupled to a scanning electron microscope (CL-SEM), the representative values are plotted on different useful diagrams to be applied in the identification of marble provenance studies, as a complementary tool of other analyses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Database of the Quantitative Cathodoluminescence of the Main Quarry Marbles Used in Antiquity

2020

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“…The CL images taken were automatically controlled (29 mm focal length, f/4.6 aperture, 1s exposure, ISO-200) to obtain comparative images. It is well known that the CL characteristics of carbonates are related to their chemical impurities which can provide diagnostic CL microfacies that help to identify some varieties of marble (Lapuente and Royo 2016). The optical CL images were checked with those available from several classical quarrying areas (Barbin et al 1989(Barbin et al , 1992Lapuente et al 2012), including those from the French Pyrenees and from ancient Iberian quarries (Lapuente, Turi, andBlanc 2000, Lapuente et al 2014;Àlvarez et al 2009;.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscope Equipped With Energy Dispersivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the heterogeneous distribution and the variable intensity (from faint to medium or to moderately strong), typical of these Portuguese marbles, helps to discriminate them not only from the Almadén de la Plata marble which exhibits homogeneous CL-patterns in strong to very strong intensities , but also from other classical marbles such as Pentelicon and Docimium. Marbles from these Greek and Turkish districts exhibit peculiar patchy CL-patterns combining areas of very different intensities unrelated to any specific crystal which give them a very distinctive characteristic (Barbin et al 1989(Barbin et al , 1992Lapuente and Royo 2016).…”

Section: The Three Central Columnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), but also from areas relatively distant from the quarries such as Caesar Augusta in the NE of Hispania(Lapuente et al 2016;Nogales, Lapuente, and Rodà 2017) and even in the North of Africa. In accordance with this distribution, Estremoz Anticline marble also reached the northern regions of Roman Spain, as proven by a few, rare examples of sarcophagi(González Soutelo, Gutiérrez Garcia-M., and Royo 2018; Vidal, Gutiérrez Garcia-M., and García-Entero 2016).…”

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Marble Pieces in the Romanesque Portal of Glory of the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. New Data through a Multi-Analytical Approach

Mercadal

García

Soutelo

et al. 2019

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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Probably the most important Romanesque artwork in Spain, the Portal of Glory of Santiago de Compostela is essentially made in granite, the most abundant stone in the NW of Iberia, with the only exception of five marble pieces. Different hypothesis on the origin of these marbles have previously been proposed based on visual assessment or by directly assuming a local source. To shed light on their quarry provenance, a multi-analytical study was performed combining polarized-light optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy, XRPD, SEM-EDS and stable C and O isotopes. The comparison of the results with the available databases reveals the use of marbles from the Estremoz Anticline (Portugal) in the three exquisitely carved columns strategically placed in the central arcade, whereas the other two pieces are local marbles, illustrating a more complex consumption of this noble material than that initially expected.

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“…; Gutiérrez Garcia‐M. et al , ). On the other hand, the use of western marbles on a larger‐than‐local scale has been confirmed, such as the marbles from the Estremoz Anticline in the Iberian Peninsula (Vidal Álvarez et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

NMR as a new tool for cultural heritage application: The provenance of ancient white marbles

et al. 2019

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Identifying the origin of marble used in antiquity brings back to light details of the economic, social and political organization of classical societies, and characterizing in depth the chemistry of marble is key to discovering its provenance. Beyond X-ray diffraction, which could reveal the presence of discriminant secondary crystalline phases and the quantification of accessory minerals combined with a multivariate analysis approach, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enables one to recognize the local structure arrangement of both crystalline and amorphous materials by looking at one or more selected atoms. In present paper targets the 13 C nuclide, and thus the major component of marble, calcium carbonate. Whatever their geological origin, marbles 13 C-NMR spectra present only one resonance corresponding to the carboxyl function whose intensity and line width vary from one marble to another. If the variation of the NMR signal intensity observed is the result of great T1 variations (from 220 to 5300 s) and is linked to iron content, the line width reflects defects in the calcite crystal in which calcium has been replaced by another element such as magnesium, aluminium or strontium. The specific profile of the NMR signal has been used successfully to help determine the origin of some archaeological items.

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The marble of O Incio (Galicia, Spain): Quarries and first archaeometric characterisation of a material used since roman times

Abstract: The marble of O Incio (Galicia, Spain): Quarries and first archaeometric characterisation of a material used since roman times Le marbre d'O Incio (Galice, Espagne) : carrières et première caractérisation archéométrique d'un matériau employé depuis l'époque romaine

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

A New Database of the Quantitative Cathodoluminescence of the Main Quarry Marbles Used in Antiquity

A New Database of the Quantitative Cathodoluminescence of the Main Quarry Marbles Used in Antiquity

Marble Pieces in the Romanesque Portal of Glory of the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. New Data through a Multi-Analytical Approach

NMR as a new tool for cultural heritage application: The provenance of ancient white marbles

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