The Mass Distribution of Particle-Bound PAH Among Aerosol Fractions: A Case-Study of an Urban Area in Poland

Rogula–Kozłowska, Wioletta; Kozielska, Barbara; Błaszczak, Barbara; Klejnowski, Krzysztof

doi:10.5772/31886

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…in winter 2007 [27]. Table 2 presents BaP concentrations and the following indicators of the exposure to the PAH mixture: carcinogenic equivalent (CEQ), mutagenic equivalent (MEQ), TCDD-toxic equivalent (TEQ), and percentages of seven PAHs determined in this study, whose carcinogenic influence was confirmed in the sum of the determined PAHs (∑PAHcarc/∑PAH).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Seasonal Variations in Health Hazards from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bound to Submicrometer Particles at Three Characteristic Sites in the Heavily Polluted Polish Region

2014

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Suspended particles with aerodynamic diameters not greater than 1 μm (PM1) were sampled at the urban background; regional background; and urban traffic points in southern Poland. In total, 120 samples were collected between 2 August 2009 and 27 December 2010. Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in each sample. The samples were collected with a high volume sampler (Digitel). Afterwards, they were chemically analyzed with a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (Perkin Elmer Clarus 500). The mean concentration values of the PAH sum (ΣPAH) and particular PAHs; the percentages of carcinogenic PAHs in total PAHs (ΣPAHcarc/ΣPAH); carcinogenic equivalent (CEQ); mutagenic equivalent (MEQ); and TCDD-toxic equivalent (TEQ) were much higher in the winter (heating) season than in the summer (non-heating) one. For both periods, the resulting average values obtained were significantly higher (a few; and sometimes a several dozen times higher) in the researched Polish region than the values observed in other areas of the world. Such results indicate the importance of health hazards resulting from PM1 and PM1-bound PAHs in this Polish area. OPEN ACCESSAtmosphere 2015, 6 2

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Seasonal Variations in Health Hazards from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bound to Submicrometer Particles at Three Characteristic Sites in the Heavily Polluted Polish Region

2014

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“…Consequently, the direct solar radiation decreases, whereas the diffuse sky radiation increases. Even though the air quality has improved tremendously in Poland over the last 30 years [26][27][28], it is still unsatisfactory in Warsaw. What is definitely positive is the fact that the air pollutant levels (especially CO and SO2) have been gradually lowered over the last few years.…”

Section: Research Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the visibility is strongly affected by air pollutants [1,40,41], the presence of its' weaker variation over Warsaw from 2004-2013 is found. In Poland, considerable changes in air pollution were observed from 1980-2000 [42]. In that period, political and economical transformation was related with a sudden decrease of industrial emission due to large factories closure and limited production in remaining ones [43,44].…”

Section: General Description Of Visibility Meteorology and Air Pollumentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Selected Parameters on Visibility: First Results from a Long-Term Campaign in Warsaw, Poland

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate how atmospheric air pollutants and meteorological conditions affected atmospheric visibility in the largest Polish agglomeration. The correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and generalized regression models (GRMs) were used to accomplish this objective. The meteorological parameters (temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and insolation) and concentrations of the air pollutants (PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3) were recorded in [2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013]. The data came from the Ursynów-SGGW, MzWarszUrsynów and Okęcie monitoring stations, located in the south of Warsaw (Poland). It was shown that the PM10 concentration was the most important parameter affecting the visibility in Warsaw. The concentration, and indirectly the visibility, was mainly affected by the pollutant emission from the flat/building heating (combustion of various fuels). It changed intensively during the OPEN ACCESSAtmosphere 2015, 6 1155 research period. There were also periods in which this emission type did not have a great influence on the pollutant concentrations (mainly PM10) and visibility. In such seasons, the research revealed the influence of the traffic emission and secondary aerosol formation processes on the visibility.

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“…One should mention that in summer average concentrations of ΣPAH in the other sites in Poland or Europe are lower. For example average concentrations of PM1-bound PAHs in Zabrze was 3.5 ng/m 3 [37], in Brno and Šlapanice (Czech Republic) were 1.7 ng/m 3 and 1.5 ng/m 3 , respectively [29], and in Virolahti (Finland) 1.8 ng/m 3 [32] alike. A bit lower ΣPAH concentrations in the summer then in winter can be caused by high ambient insolation, air temperatures and ozone concentrations favorable to the intense PAH conversion, and to the evaporation of light PAH from PM and their staying in gaseous form in the air [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Health hazards from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to submicrometer particles in Gliwice (Poland)

Kozielska

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Even though there is an eminent reduction of emission of pollution, there is still a serious danger to health caused by atmospheric aerosol. Studies show that particles with aerodynamic diameters not greater than 1 μm (PM1) and 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are especially dangerous as they have the ability to easily penetrate into the alveoli and then into the circulatory system. What is more, absorbed on their surface for example persistent organic compounds, among them polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) they have carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. The paper presents concentrations polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to submicrometer particles (PM1). Samples were collected at the point in southern Poland (Gliwice) with a low volume sampler. Afterwards, they were chemically analysed with a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (Perkin Elmer Clarus 500). The average concentration values of the PAH sum (ΣPAH) and particular PAHs; the percentages of carcinogenic PAHs in total PAHs (ΣPAH carc /ΣPAH); toxic equivalent (CEQ); mutagenic equivalent (MEQ); TCDD-toxic equivalent (TEQ). Their high values express the significance of health hazard from PM1 and PM1-bound PAH in Silesia Region.

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The Mass Distribution of Particle-Bound PAH Among Aerosol Fractions: A Case-Study of an Urban Area in Poland

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

Seasonal Variations in Health Hazards from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bound to Submicrometer Particles at Three Characteristic Sites in the Heavily Polluted Polish Region

Seasonal Variations in Health Hazards from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bound to Submicrometer Particles at Three Characteristic Sites in the Heavily Polluted Polish Region

The Impact of Selected Parameters on Visibility: First Results from a Long-Term Campaign in Warsaw, Poland

Health hazards from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to submicrometer particles in Gliwice (Poland)

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