The master regulator of IncA/C plasmids is recognized by the<i>Salmonella</i>Genomic island SGI1 as a signal for excision and conjugal transfer

Kiss, János; Papp, Péter; Szabó, Márton; Farkas, Tibor; Murányi, Gábor; Szakállas, Erik; Olasz, Ferenc

doi:10.1093/nar/gkv758

Cited by 37 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…The significant levels of amino acid identity between the TrbJ, TrbK and TrbL proteins of GIsul2 and those found in IncP plasmids suggests that GIsul2 may be mobilized by IncP plasmids in much the same way that IncA and IncC plasmids are able to mobilize SGI1 and SGI2 type Salmonella genomic islands (Hall, 2010;Harmer et al, 2016a;Douard et al, 2010;Doublet et al, 2005;Kiss et al, 2015;Carraro et al, 2014a). This warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Distribution Of Gisul2mentioning

confidence: 92%

pIP40a, a type 1 IncC plasmid from 1969 carries the integrative element GI sul2 and a novel class II mercury resistance transposon

Harmer

Hamidian

Hall

2017

Plasmid

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The 167.5 kb sequence of the conjugative IncC plasmid pIP40a, isolated from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 1969, was analysed. pIP40a confers resistance to kanamycin, neomycin, ampicillin, sulphonamides and mercuric ions, and several insertions in a type 1 IncC backbone were found, including copies of IS3, Tn1000 and a novel mercury resistance transposon, Tn6182. The antibiotic resistance genes were in two locations. Tn6023, conAntibiotic resistance Transposon taining the aphA1 kanamycin and neomycin resistance gene, is in a partial copy of Tn1/Tn2/Tn3 (bla TEM, ampicillin resistance) in the kfrA gene, and the sul2 sulphonamide resistance gene is in the integrative element GIsul2 in the position of ARI-B islands. The 11.5 kb class II transposon Tn6182 is only distantly related to other class II transposons, with at most 33% identity between the TnpA of Tn6182 and TnpA of other group members. In addition, the inverted repeats are 37 bp rather than 38 bp, and the likely resolution enzyme is a tyrosine recombinase (TnpI). Re-annotation of GIsul2 revealed genes predicted to confer resistance to arsenate and arsenite, but resistance was not detected. The location of GIsul2 confirms it as the progenitor of the ARI-B configurations seen in many IncC plasmids isolated more recently. However, GIsul2 has integrated at the same site in type 1 and type 2 IncC plasmids, indicating that it targets this site. Analysis of the distribution of GIsul2 revealed that it in addition to its chromosomal integration site at the 3′-end of the guaA gene, it has also integrated into other plasmids, increasing its mobility.

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Section: Distribution Of Gisul2mentioning

confidence: 92%

pIP40a, a type 1 IncC plasmid from 1969 carries the integrative element GI sul2 and a novel class II mercury resistance transposon

Harmer

Hamidian

Hall

2017

Plasmid

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“…AcaCD turns on a total of 18 AcaCD-activatable promoters driving the expression of major operons involved in the formation of the mating pore and initiation of conjugative transfer, as well as genes of unknown function (20,26). Furthermore, AcaCD also activates the expression of genes carried by distinct families of MGIs, including five operons in SGI1 (7,(26)(27)(28). The functions of five AcaCD-activatable genes of SGI1 have been characterised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To transfer to a new host, MGIs first need to excise from the host's chromosome, and next to be translocated through the mating pore encoded by their helper element. For both processes, IncC-mobilised MGIs take advantage of the AcaCD regulon (7,20,27). Surprisingly, SGI1 has regularly challenged the assumption of passivity of MGIs (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although SgaCD was reported to activate all five AcaCD-activatable promoters of SGI1 and to complement the acaDC deletion of the IncC plasmid R16a, its biological role in SGI1's lifecycle remains unclear (28). Deletion of sgaDC was reported to have no impact on the mobilisation of SGI1-C by the helper IncC plasmid R55 (27). SGI1-C is a variant that differs from SGI1 by its smaller integron conferring resistance to spectinomycin, streptomycin and sulfonamides (36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crucial Role ofSalmonellaGenomic Island 1 Master Activator in Parasitism of IncC plasmids

Durand

Huguet

Rivard

et al. 2020

Preprint

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IncC conjugative plasmids and the multiple variants of Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1) are two functionally interacting families of mobile genetic elements commonly associated with multidrug resistance in Gammaproteobacteria. SGI1 and its siblings are specifically mobilised in trans by IncC conjugative plasmids. Conjugative transfer of IncC plasmids is activated by the plasmid-encoded master activator AcaCD. SGI1 carries five AcaCD-responsive promoters that drive the expression of genes involved in its excision, replication, and mobilisation. SGI1 encodes an AcaCD homologue, the transcriptional activator complex SgaCD (also known as FlhDCSGI1) that seems to recognise and activate the same SGI1 promoters. Here, we investigated the relevance of SgaCD in SGI1’s lifecycle. Mating assays revealed the requirement for SgaCD and its IncC-encoded counterpart AcaCD in the mobilisation of SGI1. An integrative approach combining ChIP-exo, Cappable-seq, and RNA-seq confirmed that SgaCD activates each of the 18 AcaCD-responsive promoters driving the expression of the plasmid transfer functions. A comprehensive analysis of the activity of the complete set of AcaCD-responsive promoters in both SGI1 and IncC plasmid was performed through reporter assays. qPCR and flow cytometry assays revealed that SgaCD is essential for the excision and replication of SGI1, and the destabilisation of the helper IncC plasmid.

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“…Only this plasmid family has been shown to be able to mobilize SGI1 (Douard et al, 2010). The main reason of this specificity is that the SGI1 excision from the chromosome is triggered by the master activator AcaDC encoded by IncA/C conjugative plasmids (Carraro et al, 2014; Kiss et al, 2015). Then, as an extrachromosomal form, SGI1 is able to hijack the conjugative apparatus encoded by IncA/C plasmids to be conjugally transferred to a recipient cell (Carraro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of SGI1/PGI1 Elements and Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Proteae of Animal Origin in France

et al. 2017

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Proteae, and especially Proteus mirabilis, are often the cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans. They were reported as carriers of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, and recently of carbapenemases, mostly carried by the Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) and Proteus genomic island 1 (PGI1). Proteae have also lately become an increasing cause of UTIs in companion animals, but antimicrobial susceptibility data in animals are still scarce. Here, we report the characterization of 468 clinical epidemiologically unrelated Proteae strains from animals collected between 2013 and 2015 in France. Seventeen P. mirabilis strains (3.6%) were positive for SGI1/PGI1 and 18 Proteae (3.8%) were resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). The 28 isolates carrying SGI1/PGI1 and/or ESC-resistance genes were isolated from cats, dogs, and horses. ESBL genes were detected in six genetically related P. mirabilis harboring blaV EB-6 on the SGI1-V variant, but also independently of the SGI1-V, in 3 P. mirabilis strains (blaVEB-6 and blaCTX-M-15) and 1 Providencia rettgeri strain (blaCTX-M-1). The AmpC resistance genes blaCMY -2 and/or blaDHA-16 were detected in 9 P. mirabilis strains. One strain presented both an ESBL and AmpC gene. Interestingly, the majority of the ESBL/AmpC resistance genes were located on the chromosome. In conclusion, multiple ESC-resistance genetic determinants are circulating in French animals, even though SGI1-V-carrying P. mirabilis seems to be mainly responsible for the spread of the ESBL gene blaVEB-6 in dogs and horses. These results are of public health relevance and show that companion animals in close contact with humans should be regarded as a potential reservoir of ESC-resistant bacteria as well as a reservoir of ESC-resistance genes that could further disseminate to human pathogens.

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The master regulator of IncA/C plasmids is recognized by theSalmonellaGenomic island SGI1 as a signal for excision and conjugal transfer

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

pIP40a, a type 1 IncC plasmid from 1969 carries the integrative element GI sul2 and a novel class II mercury resistance transposon

pIP40a, a type 1 IncC plasmid from 1969 carries the integrative element GI sul2 and a novel class II mercury resistance transposon

Crucial Role ofSalmonellaGenomic Island 1 Master Activator in Parasitism of IncC plasmids

Detection of SGI1/PGI1 Elements and Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Proteae of Animal Origin in France

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