The Master Settlement Agreement and Its Impact on Tobacco Use 10 Years Later

Jones, W. P.; Silvestri, Gerard A.

doi:10.1378/chest.09-0982

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…While we cannot directly predict the effects of a television e-cigarette advertising ban, studies of combustible tobacco indicate that such bans are associated with reduced use of the products 16. Lessons learned from the Master Settlement Agreement suggest that e-cigarette manufacturers may simply circumvent a ban on televised ads by increasingly promoting their products through event sponsorship, social media and product websites 17. A recent congressional investigation demonstrated that such e-cigarette promotions already are being used to target US youth 18.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Wanna know about vaping? Patterns of message exposure, seeking and sharing information about e-cigarettes across media platforms

et al. 2014

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Background Awareness and use of electronic cigarettes has rapidly grown in the U.S. recently, in step with increased product marketing. Using responses to a population survey of U.S. adults, we analyzed demographic patterns of exposure to, searching for, and sharing of e-cigarette related information across media platforms. Methods An online survey of 17,522 U.S. adults was conducted in 2013. The nationally representative sample was drawn from GfK Group's KnowledgePanel® plus off-panel recruitment. Fixed effects logit models were applied to analyze relationships between exposure to, searching for, and sharing of e-cigarette related information and demographic characteristics, e-cigarette and tobacco use, and media behaviors. Results High levels of awareness about e-cigarettes were indicated (86% aware; 47% heard through media channels). Exposure to e-cigarette related information was associated with tobacco use, age, gender, more education, social media use, and time spent online. Although relatively small proportions of the sample had searched for (~5%) or shared (~2%) e-cigarette information, our analyses indicated demographic patterns to those behaviors. Gender, high income, and using social media were associated with searching for e-cigarette information; LGB and less education were associated with sharing. Current tobacco use, age, being Hispanic and time spent online were associated with both searching and sharing. Conclusions U.S. adults are widely exposed to e-cigarette marketing through the media; such marketing may differentially target specific demographic groups. Further research should longitudinally examine how exposure to, searching for, and sharing of e-cigarette information relate to subsequent use of e-cigarettes and/or combustible tobacco.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Wanna know about vaping? Patterns of message exposure, seeking and sharing information about e-cigarettes across media platforms

et al. 2014

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“…There have been a variety of pharmacologic, public health, policy, legislative, and legal strategies employed to decrease tobacco use and exposure [8–13]. However, large differences exist in tobacco use by education status, race, and ethnicity, [12] which may contribute to sex and ethnic specific differences in cancer incidence and mortality [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime risk for cancer death by sex and smoking status: the lifetime risk pooling project

Gawron

Hou

Ning

et al. 2012

Cancer Causes Control

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Background Understanding how sex and tobacco exposure may modify lifetime risks for cancer mortality is important for effective communication of risk in targeted public health messages. Objective To determine lifetime risk estimates for cancer death associated with sex and smoking status in the United States. Methods A pooled cohort design using ten well-defined epidemiologic cohorts including middle-aged and older individuals was used to estimate the lifetime risk for cancer death at selected index ages, with death from non-cancer causes as the competing risk, by sex and smoking status. Results There were a total of 11,317 cancer-related deaths. At age 45 years, the lifetime risk of cancer death for male smokers is 27.7% (95% CI 24.0% to 31.4%) compared to 15.8% (95% CI 12.7% to 18.9%) for male non-smokers. At age 45 years, the lifetime risk of cancer death for female smokers is 21.7% (95% CI 18.8% to 24.6%) compared to 13.2% (95% CI 11.0% to 15.4%) for female non-smokers. Remaining lifetime risk for cancer death declined with age, and men have a greater risk for cancer death compared to women. Adjustment for competing risk of death, particularly representing cardiovascular mortality, yielded a greater change in lifetime risk estimates for men and smokers compared to women and non-smokers. Conclusions At the population level the lifetime risk for cancer death remains significantly higher for smokers compared to non-smokers, regardless of sex. These estimates may provide clinicians with useful information for counseling individual patients and highlight the need for continued public health efforts related to smoking cessation.

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“…COPD often occurs with other comorbidities, and presentation with COPD is a major risk factor for the development of lung cancer (73,106). The fact that tobacco exposure is a key factor in the development of both of these diseases was first denied by the tobacco industry and later accepted, following the Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement in 1998 (52,79).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Will chronic e-cigarette use cause lung disease?

Rowell

Tarran

2015

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

105

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Chronic tobacco smoking is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the lung, tobacco smoking increases the risk of lung cancer, and also causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which encompasses both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. E-cigarettes (E-Cigs), or electronic nicotine delivery systems, were developed over a decade ago and are designed to deliver nicotine without combusting tobacco. Although tobacco smoking has declined since the 1950s, E-Cig usage has increased, attracting both former tobacco smokers and never smokers. E-Cig liquids (e-liquids) contain nicotine in a glycerol/propylene glycol vehicle with flavorings, which are vaporized and inhaled. To date, neither E-Cig devices, nor e-liquids, are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA has proposed a deeming rule, which aims to initiate legislation to regulate E-Cigs, but the timeline to take effect is uncertain. Proponents of E-Cigs say that they are safe and should not be regulated. Opposition is varied, with some opponents proposing that E-Cig usage will introduce a new generation to nicotine addiction, reversing the decline seen with tobacco smoking, or that E-Cigs generally may not be safe and will trigger diseases like tobacco. In this review, we shall discuss what is known about the effects of E-Cigs on the mammalian lung and isolated lung cells in vitro. We hope that collating this data will help illustrate gaps in the knowledge of this burgeoning field, directing researchers toward answering whether or not E-Cigs are capable of causing disease.

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The Master Settlement Agreement and Its Impact on Tobacco Use 10 Years Later

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Wanna know about vaping? Patterns of message exposure, seeking and sharing information about e-cigarettes across media platforms

Wanna know about vaping? Patterns of message exposure, seeking and sharing information about e-cigarettes across media platforms

Lifetime risk for cancer death by sex and smoking status: the lifetime risk pooling project

Will chronic e-cigarette use cause lung disease?

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