The measurement challenge of the LHC project

Fernqvist, G.

doi:10.1109/19.769628

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This result represents a very important milestone toward the construction of an absolute current calibration system up to 20 kA with a relative uncertainty of 10 . It requires that the output current of 6 A can be measured with an uncertainty better than and this appears to be attainable [2]. Commissioning will continue during 1998 up to the full primary current of 20 kA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Voltage and resistance standards were maintained with relative uncertainty and current could be calibrated up to 5 kA with relative uncertainty. The standards laboratory is being upgraded for the future needs of the LHC [2] i.e., a ten times improvement. As a part of this, CERN is constructing a 20 kA testbed for evaluation of current transducers and for this purpose new calibration heads are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and verification of a 24 kA calibration head for a DCCT test facility [LHC current control]

Fernqvist

Jørgensen

Saab

1999

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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The large hadron collider is CERN's next particle accelerator project, scheduled for commissioning in 2005. The project requires accurate current measurements above 10 kA. Calibration heads have been developed in collaboration with industry to work up to 24 kA with a relative measurement uncertainty of 10 0 0 06. This paper describes the design and verification of these heads. Index Terms-Current comparator, current measurements. Hans-Erik Jorgensen was born in North Aaby, Denmark, on January 24, 1931. He received the B.Sc. degree in electronics engineering at the Engineering College of Aarhus, in 1954. In 1962, he joined the Institute of Physics, Aarhus University, as a Project Engineer in design of accelerators for nuclear research. In 1966, he entered the project ISOLDE, a joint European university experiment to be installed at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. He was in charge of the design and operation of the first Isotope Separator on Line until 1970. In 1970, he joined Danfysik, Denmark, as R&D manager, first for accelerators for ion implantation into semiconductors and later for magnets and power converters. Since 1977, he has been responsible for power converters for nuclear physics and for MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and since 1983, also for DCCT's. He is now in partial retirement, working as an internal consultant. Alfredo Saab was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he also did his university studies. He worked for the Argentinean Atomic Energy Commission from 1962 to 1968 and then in the electronics industry until 1978. He joined the Bates Laboratory,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and verification of a 24 kA calibration head for a DCCT test facility [LHC current control]

Fernqvist

Jørgensen

Saab

1999

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…The magnetic field is given by the product of the current times the 1=r term of the Biot-Savart law. The current is known with an accuracy of a few parts per million [12,13]. The uncertainty on the magnetic field is therefore driven by the precision of the positioning of the current lines.…”

Section: The Biot-savart Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Hadron Collider momentum calibration and accuracy

Todesco

Wenninger

2017

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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As a result of the excellent quality of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experimental detectors and the accurate calibration of the luminosity at the LHC, uncertainties on the LHC beam energy may contribute significantly to the measurement errors on certain observables unless the relative uncertainty is well below 1%. Direct measurements of the beam energy using the revolution frequency difference of proton and lead beams combined with the magnetic model errors are used to provide the energy uncertainty of the LHC beams. Above injection energy the relative uncertainty on the beam energy is determined to be AE0.1%. The energy values as reconstructed and distributed online to the LHC experiments do not require any correction above injection energy. At injection a correction of þ0.31 GeV=c must be applied to the online energy values.

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“…The ideas and principles for the whole calibration system were developed in [3] and only the beginning of the calibration chain is summarized here. It was realized from the outset that there was a need for central fixed standards as well as portable units.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Design and evaluation of a 10-ma dc current reference standard

Fernqvist

Hudson

Pickering³

et al. 2003

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Abstract-A new dc current reference standard has been developed for high-current power converter calibration in the large hadron collider (LHC) project at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). This standard provides a near ideal 10-mA dc current with long-term drift of one part in 10 6 per year. The paper describes the requirements and the detailed design and evaluation of the unit. Since similar 10-V standards are commercially available, the paper concentrates on the unique current output capability of this device.

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The measurement challenge of the LHC project

Abstract: Abstract-

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Design and verification of a 24 kA calibration head for a DCCT test facility [LHC current control]

Design and verification of a 24 kA calibration head for a DCCT test facility [LHC current control]

Large Hadron Collider momentum calibration and accuracy

Design and evaluation of a 10-ma dc current reference standard

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