The Measurement of Ammonia in Human Breath and its Potential in Clinical Diagnostics

Brannelly, Niamh; Shield, Julian P H; Killard, Anthony J.

doi:10.1080/10408347.2016.1153949

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 143 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Even in blood, sampling and analysis of ammonia is still challenging due to effects of potential hemolysis of red blood cells releasing additionally ammonia, metabolic changes, transport requirements and time until analysis as well as constitution of patients being anxious or doing physical exercise [26,27]. Vaziri et al examined the effect of hemodialysis in CKD patients on blood ammonia for the first time and observed rather a rise of blood ammonia concentration probably associated with an increase of blood bicarbonate and a decrease of mean arterial pressure [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Monitoring metabolic adaptation to chronic kidney disease (CKD) early in the time course of the disease is challenging. As a non-invasive technique, analysis of exhaled breath profiles is especially attractive in children. Up to now, no reports on breath profiles in this patient cohort are available. 116 pediatric subjects suffering from mild-to-moderate CKD (n = 48) or having a functional renal transplant KTx (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 60) matched for age and sex were investigated. Non-invasive quantitative analysis of exhaled breath profiles by means of a highly sensitive online mass spectrometric technique (PTR-ToF) was used. CKD stage, the underlying renal disease (HUS; glomerular diseases; abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract or polycystic kidney disease) and the presence of a functional renal transplant were considered as classifiers. Exhaled volatile organic compound (VOC) patterns differed between CKD/ KTx patients and healthy children. Amounts of ammonia, ethanol, isoprene, pentanal and heptanal were higher in patients compared to healthy controls (556, 146, 70.5, 9.3, and 5.4 ppbV vs. 284, 82.4, 49.6, 5.30, and 2.78 ppbV). Methylamine concentrations were lower in the patient group (6.5 vs 10.1 ppbV). These concentration differences were most pronounced in HUS and kidney transplanted patients. When patients were grouped with respect to degree of renal failure these differences could still be detected. Ammonia accumulated already in CKD stage 1, whereas alterations of isoprene (linked to cholesterol metabolism), pentanal and heptanal (linked to oxidative stress) concentrations were detectable in the breath of patients with CKD stage 2 to 4. Only weak associations between serum creatinine and exhaled VOCs were noted. Non-invasive breath testing may help to understand basic mechanisms and metabolic adaptation accompanying progression of CKD. Our results support the current notion that metabolic adaptation occurs early during the time course of CKD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonia can also be produced by bacteria in saliva, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract [27,30,31]. Chen et al described that breath exhaled ammonia concentrations were significantly influenced by oral fluid urea concentrations, bacterial urease activity and mouth fluid pH [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thereby, clinicians often defer to indirect methods of liver ammonia content such as blood or urine ammonia or a recently described approach measuring ammonia in human breath [28]. Whereas the determination of blood and urinary ammonia is very imprecise mostly due to environmental factors that affect sample quality and delays in completion of analysis [20], the determination of ammonia in human breath is a protocol still in a very early stage that remains to be validated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A morphological method for ammonia detection in liver

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyperammonemia is a metabolic condition characterized by elevated levels of ammonia and a common event in acute liver injury/failure and chronic liver disease. Even though hepatic ammonia levels are potential predictive factors of patient outcome, easy and inexpensive methods aiming at the detection of liver ammonia accumulation in the clinical setting remain unavailable. Thus, herein we have developed a morphological method, based on the utilization of Nessler´s reagent, to accurately and precisely detect the accumulation of ammonia in biological tissue. We have validated our method against a commercially available kit in mouse tissue samples and, by using this modified method, we have confirmed the hepatic accumulation of ammonia in clinical and animal models of acute and chronic advanced liver injury as well as in the progression of fatty liver disease. Overall, we propose a morphological method for ammonia detection in liver that correlates well with the degree of liver disease severity and therefore can be potentially used to predict patient outcome.

show abstract

“…Измерение уровня аммиака в выдыхаемом воздухе относится к неинвазивным, легко применяемым комфортным методом диагностики для всех групп пациентов (Hibbardand Killard, 2011). Никакой обработки выдыхаемого воздуха не требуется, по сравнению со многими анализами, проводимыми на образцах сыворотки или мочи, однако не имеется убедительных доказательств корреляции аммиака в выдыхаемом воздухе и в артериальной крови [27,28,29].…”

Section: положениеunclassified

Russian Consensus “Hyperammonemia in Adults”

Лазебник

Голованова

Алексеенко

et al. 2019

jour

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The human body, like any other, is an intermediate component of the nitrogen cycle in nature. Consuming nitrogen from the external environment in the form of various compounds, the body processes it into ammonia - one of the final products of exchange of nitrogen-containing substances [1], which is removed from the body in the form of urea. The most active ammonia producers are organs with high exchange of amino acids and biogenic amines - nerve tissue, liver, intestine, and muscles. In a state of nitrogen equilibrium, the adult body consumes and releases about 15 g of nitrogen per day, temporary or permanent disruption of nitrogen balance results in a great number of physiological conditions and diseases, and the need to stabilize it is well known. However, despite a huge number of studies on the role of nitrogen metabolism and its compounds in the clinic, to date we have not been able to find any conciliation document in the world literature on the classification of ammonia-ammonium levels in human blood and approaches to the correction of hyperammonemia, which was the basis for the emergence of this consensus.

show abstract

The Measurement of Ammonia in Human Breath and its Potential in Clinical Diagnostics

Cited by 76 publications

References 143 publications

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

Exhaled volatile substances mirror clinical conditions in pediatric chronic kidney disease

A morphological method for ammonia detection in liver

Russian Consensus “Hyperammonemia in Adults”

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About