“…6) Earlier studies that indicated negative consequences of bilingual education include : Arsenian (1937), Graham (1925), Mead (1927), Saer (1923. 7) For instance, Balkan (1970) on Switzerland, Ben-Zeev (1972, 1977 on Israel and New York, Cummins (1978), Feldman andShen (1970), lanco-Worrall (1972) on South Africa, Landry (1974), Lemmon and Goggin (1989) on English and Spanish, Liedtke andNelson (1968), Miller (1983), Scott (1973) on Montreal, Torrance et al (1970) on Singapore and Wagner, Spratt, and Ezzaki (1989) on Morocco. 8) The reasons for this is discussed earlier in note 1.…”