The Measurement of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Characteristics and Black and White Residential Segregation in Metropolitan Detroit: Implications for the Study of Social Disparities in Health

Darden, Joe T.; Rahbar, Mohammad Hossein; Jezierski, Louise; Li, Min; Velie, Ellen M.

doi:10.1080/00045600903379042

Cited by 50 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…33 Two tract-level variables were abstracted from the 2000 Decennial Census data: the percent of residents who identified as Black/African American (either alone or in combination with other racial groups, regardless of Hispanic/ Latino ethnicity) and the percent of households with residents living below the federal poverty line. The tract-level RRC is the neighborhood component used to measure the metropolitan isolation index, which assesses the residential exposure or isolation of minority communities to other groups across metropolitan space.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Racial Composition, Spatial Access to Care, and Breast Cancer Mortality among Women in Georgia

et al. 2011

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We explored the association between neighborhood residential racial composition and breast cancer mortality among Black and White breast cancer patients in Georgia and whether spatial access to cancer care mediates this association. Participants included 15,256 women living in 15 metropolitan statistical areas in Georgia who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1999 and 2003. Residential racial composition was operationalized as the percent of Black residents in the census tract. We used gravity-based modeling methods to ascertain spatial access to oncology care. Multilevel Cox proportional hazards models and mediation analyses were used to test associations. Black women were 1.5 times more likely to die from breast cancer than White women. Residential racial composition had a small but significant association with breast cancer mortality (hazard ratios [HRs]=1.04-1.08 per 10% increase in the percent of Black tract residents). Individual race did not moderate this relationship, and spatial access to care did not mediate it. Residential racial composition may be part of the socioenvironmental milieu that produces increased breast cancer mortality among Black women. However, there is a lack of evidence that spatial access to oncology care mediates these processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Racial Composition, Spatial Access to Care, and Breast Cancer Mortality among Women in Georgia

et al. 2011

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“…These tracts were excluded from the index if the Census Bureau's 5-year estimates yielded fewer than 100 people, housed only juvenile institutions, or lacked census data. Subsequent blackwhite segregation analysis required removal of all children of a race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic white or non-Hispanic black consistent with the Darden et al 37 application of this composite index in the three-county metro area of Detroit. Thus, census tracts reporting more than 10 % of the population as Arab or Hispanic ethnicity were removed because this portion of the study mainly compared nonHispanic black and non-Hispanic white populations.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This metropolitan area houses a disproportionate percentage of blacks residing in neighborhoods of very low socioeconomic characteristics located in the city of Detroit compared to a disproportionate percentage of whites living in neighborhoods of very high socioeconomic characteristics located in the suburbs of Detroit. 36,37 The distinct pattern of both race-and class-differential place of residence in metropolitan Detroit provides an ideal testing ground for racial and socioeconomic disparities in health and in particular childhood lead poisoning.…”

Section: Study Area-metropolitan Detroitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neighborhood Data Census tracts were the geographic level of analysis used in this study because they are smaller than ZIP codes and serve as surrogates for neighborhoods, best capturing their socioeconomic and demographic characteristics 28,37,42 while also capturing socioeconomic gradients in health. 22,43 Furthermore, due to a prior breach in patient confidentiality of children's BLLs at the address level, the State of Michigan's IRB policy prohibits a finer level of geography provided by the MDCH in order to maintain confidentiality of each case.…”

Section: Pediatric Bll Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Differences and Racial Residential Segregation to Childhood Blood Lead Levels in Metropolitan Detroit

2016

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This study uses a new approach to assess the impact of different neighborhood characteristics on blood lead levels (BLLs) of black versus white children in metropolitan Detroit. Data were obtained from the Michigan Department of Community Health and the US Bureau of the Census American Community Survey. The Modified Darden-Kamel Composite Socioeconomic Index, bivariate regression, and the index of dissimilarity were used to compute neighborhood BLL unevenness by neighborhood characteristics. Neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic characteristics and high racial residential segregation predicted higher average childhood BLLs. This reveals a social spatial structure that will aid researchers/policymakers in better understanding disparities in childhood BLLs.

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“…Detailed discussions of area-based SES measures can be found in the literature (Darden et al 2009;Carstairs 2001;Krieger et al1997Krieger et al , 2002. Various single variable or composite measures can capture different aspects of socioeconomic characteristics.…”

Section: Area-based Ses Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk in Georgia, USA: 2000–2007

Yin

Madden

et al. 2014

J Geogr Syst

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Abstract:Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women in Georgia, USA. However, the spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer risk in Georgia have not been fully studied. Hierarchical Bayesian models are used here to explore the spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk by race and gender in Georgia for the period of 2000-2007. With the census tract level as the spatial scale and the 2-year period aggregation as the temporal scale, we compare a total of seven Bayesian spatio-temporal models including two under a separate modeling framework and five under a joint modeling framework. One joint model outperforms others based on the deviance information criterion. Results show that the northwest region of Georgia has consistently high lung cancer incidence risk for all population groups during the study period. In addition, there are inverse relationships between the socioeconomic status and the lung cancer incidence risk among all Georgian population groups, and the relationships in males are stronger than those in females. By mapping more reliable variations in lung cancer incidence risk at a relatively fine spatio-temporal scale for different Georgian population groups, our study aims to better support healthcare performance assessment, etiological hypothesis generation, and health policy making.

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The Measurement of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Characteristics and Black and White Residential Segregation in Metropolitan Detroit: Implications for the Study of Social Disparities in Health

Cited by 50 publications

References 77 publications

Residential Racial Composition, Spatial Access to Care, and Breast Cancer Mortality among Women in Georgia

Residential Racial Composition, Spatial Access to Care, and Breast Cancer Mortality among Women in Georgia

The Relationship of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Differences and Racial Residential Segregation to Childhood Blood Lead Levels in Metropolitan Detroit

Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal patterns of lung cancer incidence risk in Georgia, USA: 2000–2007

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